Radiation-induced esophagitis in lung cancer

Abstract

Radiation-induced esophagitis is the most common local acute toxicity of radiotherapy (RT) delivered for the curative or palliative intent treatment of lung cancer. Although concurrent chemotherapy and higher RT dose are associated with increased esophagitis risk, advancements in RT techniques as well as adherence to esophageal dosimetric constraints may reduce the incidence and severity. Mild acute esophagitis symptoms are generally self-limited, and supportive management options include analgesics, acid suppression, diet modification, treatment for candidiasis, and maintenance of adequate nutrition. Esophageal stricture is the most common late sequela from esophageal irradiation and can be addressed with endoscopic dilatation. Approaches to prevent or mitigate these toxicities are also discussed.

Therapeutic effect of dental pulp stem cell transplantation on a rat model of radioactivity-induced esophageal injury

“…125 I seeds are widely used clinically and are easily obtained. 125 I seeds as the low dose rate radioactive source are relatively safe for the rats with a low mortality rate 37 , 39 , 40 . These advantages allowed us to perform irradiation in vivo using this technique.…”

Esophagitis associated with multimodality management of pediatric Ewing sarcoma of thorax

“…Uncomplicated odynophagia is treated with topical analgesics or oral analgesics. Proton pump inhibitors or H2 blockers can be used to decrease lower‐esophageal stricture pressure and reflux . Sucralfate may be started to decrease mucosal inflammation and promote healing .…”

Risk factors and clinical characteristics of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in lung cancer

“…RTx-induced pneumonitis was diagnosed based on the patients’ symptoms (low-grade fever, dry cough, dyspnea, or chest pain) and radiological manifestations 21,22 . Radiation-induced esophagitis was also defined based on clinical symptoms (dysphagia, odynophagia, and substernal discomfort) 23 . Data from chest radiography and CT were evaluated independently by one radiologist at the PJP diagnosis, and then independently confirmed by two of the authors (EH Lee, MS Park).…”