Radiation-Induced Alterations in the Structure of Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Their Biological Consequences

Dt, Kanazir

doi:10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60769-2

Cited by 26 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 245 publications

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“…The mechanism by which carcinogens produce cellular changes or anticarcinogens inhibit them is not well understood. Carcinogens may produce their effect by disrupting cellular processes or structures (Poste, 1977;Svoboda & Reddy, 1975), by interacting with and changing DNA and RNA (Kanazir, 1969;Sarma, Rajalakshmi, & Farber, 1975), or by debilitating those mechanisms necessary for DNA repair (Fox & Lajtha, 1973;Urbach, 1975). Anticarcinogens may inhibit any of these actions.…”

Section: Phases Of Tumor Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and cancer.

Sklar¹,

Anisman²

1981

Psychological Bulletin

319

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Consistent with the findings of human research suggesting that stress may influence the carcinogenic process, data derived from infrahuman experimentation have revealed that aversive insults may potentiate or inhibit tumorigenicity. The nature of the change, however, is dependent on a number of psychological, experiential, and organismic variables. Exacerbation of tumor growth is evident following acute exposure to uncontrollable, but not controllable, stress. Moreover, the effects of aversive stimuli vary as a function of the organism's prior stress history as well of social housing conditions. The fact that stress influences neurochemical, hormonal, and immunological functioning and that these changes are subject to many of the same manipulations that influenced the carcinogenic process suggests a relation between these three mechanisms and the stress-induced alterations of tumor growth. This contention is supported by the findings that pharmacological manipulations that modify these endogenous substrates have predictable effects on tumorigenesis.

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Section: Phases Of Tumor Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and cancer.

Sklar¹,

Anisman²

1981

Psychological Bulletin

319

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“…For the investigation of changes induced on DNA by ionizing radiations, methods already used in the study of DNA therm-a1 denaturation [22] and special techniques such as circular dichroism [23] low angle x-ray scattering [ 241, pulse'-polarography [ 2 5 ] and hydrogen exchange analysis [25] have been employed. Since DNA subjected to x-ray radiation undergoes changes which ultimately result in single and doublestrand breaks along the double helix [26], an attempt was made to detect this denaturation with anti-single-stranded DNA antibodies. The serum used in this study was obtained by immunizing rabbits with a complex of heat-denatured DNA and methylated serum albumin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Denaturing effect of x‐irradation on deoxyribonucleic acid aqueous solutions. An immunochemical study

Natali¹

1975

Eur J Immunol

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The denaturation of calf thymus DNA aqueous solutions following x-ray radiation (x-DNA) has been investigated with the help of a rabbit antidenatured DNA antiserum. These antibodies were shown to recognize exclusively single-stranded DNA determinants on DNA molecule in double immunodiffusion analysis. By means of this method it was possible to demonstrate that increasing numbers of single-stranded DNA determinants were formed in DNA solutions exposed to increasing doses of radiation. The rabbit serum appeared to be a highly sensitive reagent (0.5 mug/ml of single-stranded DNA) capable of detecting DNA denaturation when low ionizing doses were used and when only minor changes in DNA physico-chemical parameters were measurable. Antigenic comparison between x-DNA and heat-denatured DNA demonstrated that antigenic determinants are shared by the two molecules. The possible application of immunochemical methods to the study of nucleic acid denaturation by different physical and chemical agents is discussed.

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“…The flexibility introduced by localized regions of helix disruption could lower the viscosity. (b) Singlestrand breakage of DNA by ionizing radiation has been observed under virtually all conditions examined (see reviews: Ginoza, 1967;Kanazir, 1969). Localized regions of flexibility may be associated with such breaks.…”

Section: Comparison Of Viscometry and Sedimentation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Physical Measurement of Radiation Damage to Coliphage T7 DNA

Hawkins¹,

Ginsberg²

1971

Biophysical Journal

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Coliphage T7 was exposed to (60)Co gamma radiation while suspended in phosphate buffer or in phosphate buffer plus 0.001 M l-histidine. DNA was isolated from the phage by incubation with pronase, followed by extraction with cold phenol. The intrinsic viscosity of the DNA was measured as a function of radiation dose. The fraction of DNA molecules surviving radiation treatment with no double-strand breaks was measured from the radiation-induced heterogeneity of the DNA sedimentation boundary. From comparison of these measurements it is concluded that radiation introduces lesions other than double-strand breaks which affect the hydrodynamic properties of the DNA. In both buffer and buffer plus histidine the surviving fraction of intact virus genomes far exceeds the surviving fraction of plaque-forming units at any given dose. It was found that the decrease in intrinsic viscosity with dose is independent of the presence of histidine in the radiation medium. From this it is concluded that DNA damage is primarily due to a direct effect of radiation on the phage particle. The procedure necessary to isolate DNA from irradiated virus suggests that radiation produces covalent bonding of protein to the DNA.

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Radiation-Induced Alterations in the Structure of Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Their Biological Consequences

Cited by 26 publications

References 245 publications

Stress and cancer.

Stress and cancer.

Denaturing effect of x‐irradation on deoxyribonucleic acid aqueous solutions. An immunochemical study

The Physical Measurement of Radiation Damage to Coliphage T7 DNA

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