Radiation dose to premature infants in neonatal intensive care units in kuwait

Brindhaban, Ajit; Alkhalifah, Khaled

doi:10.1093/rpd/nch338

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Negative correlation between HVL of the X-ray beam and ESD during X-ray examinations of premature infants has been reported [29] . The HVL can be raised by increasing either the voltage of the X-ray beam or the total fi ltration of the X-ray unit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Estimation of Radiation Dose during Diagnostic X-Ray Examinations of Newborn Babies and 1-Year-Old Infants

Brindhaban

Eze²

2006

Med Princ Pract

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Objective: It was the aim of this study to investigate radiation doses for commonly performed paediatric X-ray examinations (skull, chest, abdomen and pelvis) in public hospitals in Kuwait in order to establish national reference or guidance dose levels. Materials and Method: Exposure factors used for six commonly performed X-ray examinations – antero-posterior (AP) chest, lateral chest, AP abdomen, AP skull, lateral skull and AP pel vis – were obtained from various hospitals, and entrance surface doses (ESD) were measured using a Victoreen model 660 survey meter. Effective doses (E) and the corresponding risk of developing fatal malignancies were calculated using published conversion factors and methods recommended by the International Commission of Radiological Protection for newborn babies to 1-year-old infants. Results: The range of ESD values was 26– 668 µGy for newborn babies and 40–700 µGy for 1-year- old infants. The range of E values was about 4–150 µSv for the two age groups. The risk of developing long-term stochastic effects due to radiation exposure ranges between 0.6 and 23.4 per million. Conclusion: The range of ESD values, E values and risk of development of fatal malignancies obtained in this study can be used as a guide for the risk-benefit analysis of an X-ray examination for newborn babies and 1-year-old infants. Tube voltages used for these examinations should be kept above 60 kV, whenever possible, to minimise the radiation dose.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Estimation of Radiation Dose during Diagnostic X-Ray Examinations of Newborn Babies and 1-Year-Old Infants

Brindhaban

Eze²

2006

Med Princ Pract

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“…Olgar et al also used TLD for measuring ESDs, their results showed that neonates received acceptable doses from common radiological examinations in Turkey (8). Brindhaban et al reported the birth weight range was between 750 and 2000gr for infants (12). However, in this study, the mean ESD for chest and abdomen examination were 76.3 µGy and 61.5µGy, respectively; also DRLs for neonates in our province were 88 µGy for chest and 98µGy for abdomen examinations that were slightly higher than other studies; European national diagnostic reference levels of 80 µGy for mobile chest radiographs and the NRPB reference dose of 50 µGy for chest examination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Dose to Newborns in Neonatal Intensive Care Units

Toossi

Malekzadeh

2012

Iran J Radiol

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BackgroundWith the increase of X-ray use for medical diagnostic purposes, knowing the given doses is necessary in patients for comparison with reference levels. The concept of reference doses or diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) has been developed as a practical aid in the optimization of patient protection in diagnostic radiology.ObjectivesTo assess the radiation doses to neonates from diagnostic radiography (chest and abdomen). This study has been carried out in the neonatal intensive care unit of a province in Iran.Patients and MethodsEntrance surface dose (ESD) was measured directly with thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs). The population included 195 neonates admitted for a diagnostic radiography, in eight NICUs of different hospital types.ResultsThe mean ESD for chest and abdomen examinations were 76.3 µGy and 61.5 µGy, respectively. DRLs for neonate in NICUs of the province were 88 µGy for chest and 98 µGy for abdomen examinations that were slightly higher than other studies. Risk of death due to radiation cancer incidence of abdomens examination was equal to 1.88 × 10 -6 for male and 4.43 × 10 -6 for female. For chest X-ray, it was equal to 2.54 × 10 -6 for male and 1.17 × 10 -5 for female patients.ConclusionDRLs for neonates in our province were slightly higher than values reported by other studies such as European national diagnostic reference levels and the NRPB reference dose. The main reason was related to using a high mAs and a low kVp applied in most departments and also a low focus film distance (FFD). Probably lack of collimation also affected some exams in the NICUs.

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“…Table 3 shows the E levels of various conventional radiologic procedures in adults, children, and neonates. 6,7,10,17,[30][31][32] This comparison is only an approximation, because even for the same radiologic procedure, dose levels are directly related to variations in equipment and depend on age. Nevertheless, conventional radiographs impose a relatively low level of radiation exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Tables 7 and 8 show the cancer mortality risk for our cohort of VLBW infants, on the basis of the highest risk level of 13 ϫ 10 Ϫ2 /Sv Ϫ1 , findings similar to those previously reported. 6,7,9,21,40 We also determined risk factors for preterm infants associated with radiographic exposure of specific body regions. 7,10,31 Cancer mortality rates after radiation exposure during childhood (age not further classified) have been reported to be 1:1 000 000 for a thorax radiograph (E Ͻ50 Sv) and 1:100 000 for an abdominal radiograph (E Ͻ100 Sv).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The International Commission on Radiologic Protection (ICRP) has defined the concept of effective dose (E), 4 which has become an accepted method for estimating dose and associated risks in diagnostic radiology. 5 There have been few international comparisons of E for preterm, [6][7][8] , and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. 8,10 To our knowledge, this is the first German study on the estimation of E in a large number of VLBW and ELBW infants.…”

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