Abstract:100 keV protons with fluxes between 3 × 1015 and 3 × 1016 m-2 s-1 and in doses up to 4 × 1020 m-2 have been used in ice between - 191°C and -87°C to create damage and to analyse it. The Rutherford backscattering minimum yield along the c-axis (about 0.05 in good monocrystals) increases up to unity with the dose, according to a function which can be scaled by a critical dose depending mainly on temperature (Arrhenius law with activation enthalpy of 0.17 ± 0.04 eV above -185°C). Higher flux produces more damage … Show more
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