Radiation Chemistry

Dainton, F S; Collinson, E

doi:10.1146/annurev.pc.02.100151.000531

Cited by 28 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The chemistry associated with ionizing radiation has been intensely studied, fundamentally and in several application areas for many decades . A variety of chemical reactions are facilitated through combinations of often complex electronic excitations and energy transfers as energetic photons and/or electrons lose energy forming radicals, ions, and a large number of reactive intermediates that can participate in the formation of the final chemical products .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Techno‐Economic Analysis of Chemical Processing with Ionizing Radiation

2017

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Photons and electrons with energies above the ionization potential of most atoms can be used to facilitate chemical reactions not otherwise possible thermochemically or under more preferable process conditions. An analysis and comparison of the economics of using sources of ultraviolet photons, high‐energy electrons, γ‐rays, and X‐rays in a chemical conversion process is presented. In many processes where the penetration depth is sufficient, the overall production costs for equivalent products are lowest for electron‐beam based systems followed, in order, by ultraviolet, gamma rays from 60Co, and X‐ray sources. In process applications where large volume, high pressure, chemical reactors are required, gamma radiation has potential design advantages provided commercial gamma sources of lower cost than 60Co become available.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Techno‐Economic Analysis of Chemical Processing with Ionizing Radiation

2017

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“…The ejected electrons become rapidly thermalized and some of them escape from the attractive electrostatic field of the parent ions. The electrons will initiate reactions, the net result of which is ultimately a chemical reduction, whereas the positive ions give rise to chemical oxidation (1,9). Since the lifetimes of the radiation-induced oxidative and reductive species in biological systems commonly are only a small fraction of a second, elucidation of the mechanisms of radiolysis by means of the methods of classical chemistry hinges on qualitative and quantitative studies of the stable endproducts formed by these species, as the intermediates cannot be observed directly.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rapid Mixing and Pulse Radiolysis Equipment as Tools in Radiobiological Research

Brustad

1968

Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation

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Rapid Mixing and Pulse Radiolysis Equipment as Tools in Radiobiological Research. Scond. J. clin. Lab. Invest. Suppl. 106, 31-40 1968.The rapid mixing and pulse radiolysis equipment at The Norwegian Radium Hospital is described and some examples are given to illustrate the potentialities of these technics for elucidation of radiation-induced short-lived products and their possible role in radiobiological processes.

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“…Allen (1) suggested that prolonged irradiation should lead i~ltimately to all equilibrium concentratio11 ratio of a redox system. This idea was further developed by Dainto~i and Collinson (2), who proposed in 1'350 that a solutio~i ~i~l d e r irradiation attained an equivalent redox potential (EIIP) whel~ the rate of oxidation eqi~alled the rate of reduction in the solution. This E R P was assumecl to be a characteristic of the solvent ancl hence independent of the nature and, within limits, the amount of solute.…”

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confidence: 99%

On the Equivalent Redox Potential of Aqueous Solutions Under Ionizing Radiation

Henderson¹,

Lovering²,

Haines³

et al. 1959

Can. J. Chem.

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A study of the electrochemical behavior of aqueous solutions irradiated by Co60 y-and 50-300-l~v X-rays is being carried out. Results are presented which show that aqueous solutio~ls of various electrolytes over a pH range of 0.0 to 14.0 attain a steady-state potential under irradiation.'I'his steady-state potential, \vhose existence was post~llatcd by Dainton and Collinson (who called it the equivalent redox potential), has been determined to be -0.85 v with respect to a hydrogen electrode in the same solution. This value is a property of water and is independent of pH, solute, temperature and radiation energy, and intensity within the ranges investigated.Electrodes under irradiation sometimes sho\\r potentials difierent from the potential of the b~r l l~ electrolyte. This is considered t o be a result of selective adsorption of one or more primary or secondary radiation products. These transient phenomena depend upon source intensity and solute concentration and disappear when irradiation is stopped.

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Radiation Chemistry

Cited by 28 publications

References 31 publications

A Techno‐Economic Analysis of Chemical Processing with Ionizing Radiation

A Techno‐Economic Analysis of Chemical Processing with Ionizing Radiation

Rapid Mixing and Pulse Radiolysis Equipment as Tools in Radiobiological Research

On the Equivalent Redox Potential of Aqueous Solutions Under Ionizing Radiation

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