Radiation Cancer: Report of 21 Cases

Petersen, Olaf

doi:10.1177/028418515404200307

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…During the 1950s it was becoming apparent that thyroid cancer was in excess among those receiving x-ray therapy as infants for thymus enlargement (Simpson et al 1955, Simpson andHempelmann 1957). The 1950s also saw reports of excess cases of cancers of the skin (Petersen 1954), bone (Jones 1953) and of the pharynx and larynx (Goolden 1957, Garrett 1959) following x-ray therapy.…”

Section: Early Reports Of Excess Cases Of Cancer Following Exposure T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The risk of cancer following high, and very high, doses of ionising radiation

Wakeford

Hauptmann

2022

J. Radiol. Prot.

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It is established that moderate-to-high doses of ionising radiation increase the risk of subsequent cancer in the exposed individual, but the question arises as to the risk of cancer from higher doses, such as those delivered during radiotherapy, accidents, or deliberate acts of malice. In general, the cumulative dose received during a course of radiation treatment is sufficiently high that it would kill a person if delivered as a single dose to the whole body, but therapeutic doses are carefully fractionated and high/very high doses are generally limited to a small tissue volume under controlled conditions. The very high cumulative doses delivered as fractions during radiation treatment are designed to inactivate diseased cells, but inevitably some healthy cells will also receive high/very high doses. How the doses (ranging from <1 Gy to tens of Gy) received by healthy tissues during radiotherapy affect the risk of second primary cancer is an increasingly important issue to address as more cancer patients survive the disease. Studies show that, except for a turndown for thyroid cancer, a linear dose-response for second primary solid cancers seems to exist over a cumulative gamma radiation dose range of tens of gray, but with a gradient of excess relative risk (ERR) per Gy that varies with the type of second cancer, and which is notably shallower than that found in the Japanese atomic bomb survivors receiving a single moderate-to-high acute dose. The risk of second primary cancer consequent to high/very high doses of radiation is likely to be due to repopulation of heavily irradiated tissues by surviving stem cells, some of which will have been malignantly transformed by radiation exposure, although the exact mechanism is not known, and various models have been proposed. It is important to understand the mechanisms that lead to the raised risk of second primary cancers consequent to the receipt of high/very high doses, in particular so that the risks associated with novel radiation treatment regimens – for example, intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) that deliver high doses to the target volume while exposing relatively large volumes of healthy tissue to low/moderate doses, and treatments using protons or heavy ions rather than photons – may be properly assessed.

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Section: Early Reports Of Excess Cases Of Cancer Following Exposure T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The risk of cancer following high, and very high, doses of ionising radiation

Wakeford

Hauptmann

2022

J. Radiol. Prot.

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“…T h e remaining tumors appeared following latent periods of 16 to 30 years. T o determine whether the very young age of patients with retinoblastoma at the time of radiotherapy (mean = 1.33 years) had effected the length of the latent interval, series of tumors induced by radiotherapy in adults were tabulated for comparison (1,2,5,7,11,14). Cases involving occupational exposure (radiologists, dentists and X-ray technicians) were excluded since time-dose relationships were not comparable.…”

Section: Vol 19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation-induced neoplasms following curative therapy for retinoblastoma

Soloway

1966

Cancer

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Twenty‐two cases of radiation induced neoplasms following curative therapy for retinoblastoma are reviewed, and three new cases are reported. Twenty‐four of the 25 growths were malignant, and most were of the osteogenic series and its variants. The young age of the patients at the time of radiotherapy had no apparent effect upon the length of the latent interval, as persons receiving radiotherapy in adulthood had similar latent periods preceding the development of similar tumors. The prognosis of these tumors was exceptionally poor, in part due to the large proportion of sarcomas and also due to the proximity of the tumors to the deep structures of the face and base of the skull.

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“…Richtungsweisend hierfür war die Tatsache, daß die zu beobachtenden Organveränderungen und die Tumorentstehung fast immer im ehemaligen Bestrahlungsfeld auftraten. Seither wurde das Auftreten unterschiedlicher Tumoren der verschiedensten Organe nach Strahlenexposition beschrieben (17,19,30). In den Berichten strahleninduzierter Malignome der Harnblase dominieren die Akt.…”

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