Radiation and chemotherapy injury: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment

Busch, David B.

doi:10.1016/1040-8428(93)90020-5

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Moreover, our findings indicated that the susceptibility of organs to hyperoxia differs, and that the submandibular glands are highly susceptible to hyperoxia. It is well known that radiation sensitivity differs among organs (Busch, 1993). Generally, cells that exhibit faster cell cycles and/or display more undifferentiated forms and functions are more susceptible to radiation, and hence, suffer more severe radiation damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperoxia reduces salivary secretion by inducing oxidative stress in mice

Tajiri

Higuchi

Miyawaki

2019

Archives of Oral Biology

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The aim of this study was to determine the effects of prolonged hyperoxia on salivary glands and salivary secretion in mice. Design Male C57BL/6J mice were kept in a 75% oxygen chamber (hyperoxia group) or a 21% oxygen chamber for 5 days. We measured the secretion volume, protein concentration, and amylase activity of saliva after the injection of pilocarpine. In addition, we evaluated the histological changes induced in the submandibular glands using hematoxylin and eosin and Alcian blue staining and assessed apoptotic changes using the TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. We also compared the submandibular gland expression levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD)-1, and SOD-2 using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results In the hyperoxia group, salivary secretion was significantly inhibited at 5 and 10 minutes after the injection of pilocarpine, and the total salivary secretion volume was significantly decreased. The salivary protein concentration and amylase activity were also significantly higher in the hyperoxia group. In the histological examinations, 4 enlargement of the mucous acini and the accumulation of mucins were observed in the submandibular region in the hyperoxia group, and the number of TUNEL-positive cells was also significantly increased in the hyperoxia group. Moreover, the expression levels of HO-1, SOD-1, and SOD-2 were significantly higher in the hyperoxia group. Conclusion Our results suggest that hyperoxia reduces salivary secretion, and oxidative stress reactions might be involved in this.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperoxia reduces salivary secretion by inducing oxidative stress in mice

Tajiri

Higuchi

Miyawaki

2019

Archives of Oral Biology

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“…The risk of development of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with miliary pulmonary metastases, or, more rarely, lymphangiitis pulmonis caused by malignancy dissemination to the lung interstitial tissue, is markedly increased when the 131 I activity retained in the lungs after therapy exceeds 80 mCi (2.96 GBq) (112,129,131). In children, the radiosensitivity of gonadal (especially testicular) and pulmonary tissue may be increased in comparison to adults (126,150), and, hence, it is difficult to extrapolate from data reported in studies focused on adults only. Again, there is a paucity of such data in pediatric populations, with the exception of three patients who were between 12 and 17 years of age, formally described in the early series from MSKCC reported by Benua et al (129).…”

Section: Complications Of 131 I Therapymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Whether one should downgrade/adjust these doses for BSA or TBW in children, assuming an average BSA of 1.72 m 2 and TBW of 70 kg for adults, remains controversial. Younger children (especially those young than 10 years of age) may be significantly more radiosensitive than teenagers and adolescents, and, thus, deserve additional protection from the administration of inordinately high 131 I activities (126,127). In our opinion, if fixed activities (doses) of 131 I are to be used for treatment of locoregional or distant metastatic disease in pediatric patients, these should be derived by downgrading/adjusting the corresponding 131 I activities given for therapy in adults, taking into account either the BSA or TBW of the younger patients, according to the protocol proposed by Reynolds (128).…”

Section: General Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Controversies in the Management of Pediatric Patients with Well-Differentiated Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer: A Review

Hung

Sarlis

2002

Thyroid

179

117

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Current treatment strategies for pediatric patients with nonmedullary, well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC) are derived from single-institution clinical cohorts, reports of extensive personal experience, and extrapolation of several common therapeutic practices for this tumor in adults. Because pediatric WDTC is an uncommon malignancy, the issues of its optimal initial and subsequent long-term treatment and follow-up remain controversial. Pediatric patients with WDTC can be divided into two groups: children younger than 10 years of age and teenagers/adolescents between 10 and 18 years of age because these groups have different recurrence and mortality rates. We hereby present our views and interpret them in the light of the pertinent literature. Our recommendations on treatment strategies are more relevant for younger children. After midpuberty, optimal treatment is adequately addressed in the relevant literature on adults. For the majority of patients, total/near-total thyroidectomy is currently recommended as the standard initial therapy for WDTC. This is commonly followed by administration of radioiodine (RAI; (131)I) therapy to destroy residual normal thyroid tissue (remnant). Routine (131)I remnant ablation has been shown to: (1). decrease the risk of local recurrences, (2) increase the sensitivity of subsequent diagnostic RAI whole-body scanning (WBS), and (3) render serum thyroglobulin (Tg) a highly sensitive marker for recurrent/residual disease during long-term follow-up. We recognize that the above practices are not universally adhered to in children and adolescents, because the risk stratification and intensity of applied therapeutic measures are influenced by institutional traditions and personal experience. In our view, aggressive initial management, followed by evaluations at regular intervals after thyroidectomy and (131)I remnant ablation, in conjunction with long-term thyroid hormone suppressive therapy (THST), result in decreased recurrence rates in pediatric patients with WDTC. Follow-up examinations should include a diagnostic RAI ((131)I or (123)I) WBS and measurement of serum Tg, both performed under conditions of TSH stimulation, as well as neck ultrasonography (US). Our strategy is corroborated by data from retrospective clinical cohort studies. In this malignancy, no evidence of disease (NED) status can be defined as the combination of a negative diagnostic WBS and the presence of undetectable or low serum Tg levels, both tested under TSH stimulation. These findings should be accompanied by the absence of anatomically definable disease by standard imaging modalities, e.g., neck US or chest computed tomography (CT). Although the long-term survival rates are good overall in this disease, selected patients may require further surgery or (131)I therapy for the eradication or clinical control of metastases. Finally, and importantly, because the duration of follow-up is lifelong, the care of children with prior diagnosis of WDTC should be transferred to an adult endocrinologist after th...

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“…Örneğin radyasyonun etkisi ile hücre membranının çift tabakalı lipit yapısı ve membran protein moleküllerinde iyonizasyon sonucu moleküller inaktive olur ve tüm transport mekanizmaları bozulur (Urbain, 1977). Lipit peroksidasyonu, çift bağlarda ve karbonil guruplarında serbest radikal oluşumuyla başlar ve hücrelerde zincir reaksiyonları ile diğer organik moleküllerle etkileşerek, o molekülleri de serbest radikale dönüştürür (Busch, 1993). Amino asitler, peptidler, polipeptidler ve proteinlerde radyasyon hasarına daha çok toleranslı olmakla bu moleküllerin hidrojen ve disülfit bağlarının kırılmasına yol açır, DNA veya diğer proteinlerle çapraz bağlanmalar meydana getirir.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

X-Işını’nın Sesamia nonagrioides Lefebvre (Lepidoptera Noctuidae)’nın Larvalarında Depolanan Protein, Karbohidrat ve Lipit Miktarına Etkisi Üzerine Araştırma

Aksoy¹,

Bahadiroğlu²,

Kayabași³

2015

KSÜ Doğ. Bil. Derg

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Bu çalışmada X-ışını farklı (50-200 Gy) dozlarının S. nonagrioides larvalarında depolanan protein, karbonhidrat ve lipit miktarlarına etkileri araştırılmıştır. Uygulanan dozlar arasında en iyi sonuç 150 Gy elde edilmiş, birey başına düşen toplam protein miktarı 1.86 mg (kontrolde 1.45 mg); karbonhidrat 0,39 mg (kontrolde 0.32 mg) ve lipit miktarı ise 0.71 mg (kontrolde 0.55 mg) olarak kayıt edilmiştir. Böylece; larvalarda protein, karbonhidrat ve lipit içeriklerinin doz artışına bağlı olarak yükseldiği ve özellikle 150 Gy'de en yüksek seviyeye ulaştığı saptanmıştır. Belirtilen moleküllerin artışı S. nonagrioides fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal aktivitelerinde bozukluklara neden olarak biyolojik evrelerinin sekteye uğramasına ve en önemlisi larvaların pupa evresine geçmesine engel olmaktadır.

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Radiation and chemotherapy injury: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment

Cited by 12 publications

References 122 publications

Hyperoxia reduces salivary secretion by inducing oxidative stress in mice

Hyperoxia reduces salivary secretion by inducing oxidative stress in mice

Current Controversies in the Management of Pediatric Patients with Well-Differentiated Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer: A Review

X-Işını’nın Sesamia nonagrioides Lefebvre (Lepidoptera Noctuidae)’nın Larvalarında Depolanan Protein, Karbohidrat ve Lipit Miktarına Etkisi Üzerine Araştırma

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