Radar-based living object protection for inductive charging of electric vehicles using two-dimensional signal processing

Poguntke, Tim; Schumann, Philipp; Ochs, Karlheinz

doi:10.1017/wpt.2017.7

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Based on the detection methods LOD methods categorized into two types: MTD method and ED method. Similar to the MOD method LOD method mechanical/thermal utilizes detectors like radar or soniic sensors [227,228,233,234], temperature sensors [227], imaging processing [230,231] and light sensors [227] to confirm the presence of a living object. Parameters used for detection are shape, distance, temperature and size.…”

Section: Living Object Detection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inductive Wireless Power Transfer Charging for Electric Vehicles–A Review

Bharatiraja²,

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Considering a future scenario in which a driverless Electric Vehicle (EV) needs an automatic charging system without human intervention. In this regard, there is a requirement for a fully automatable, fast, safe, cost-effective, and reliable charging infrastructure that provides a profitable business model and fast adoption in the electrified transportation systems. These qualities can be comprehended through wireless charging systems. Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is a futuristic technology with the advantage of flexibility, convenience, safety, and the capability of becoming fully automated. In WPT methods resonant inductive wireless charging has to gain more attention compared to other wireless power transfer methods due to high efficiency and easy maintenance. This literature presents a review of the status of Resonant Inductive Wireless Power Transfer Charging technology also highlighting the present status and its future of the wireless EV market. First, the paper delivers a brief history throw lights on wireless charging methods, highlighting the pros and cons. Then, the paper aids a comparative review of different type's inductive pads, rails, and compensations technologies done so far. The static and dynamic charging techniques and their characteristics are also illustrated. The role and importance of power electronics and converter types used in various applications are discussed. The batteries and their management systems as well as various problems involved in WPT are also addressed. Different trades like cyber security economic effects, health and safety, foreign object detection, and the effect and impact on the distribution grid are explored. Prospects and challenges involved in wireless charging systems are also highlighting in this work. We believe that this work could help further the research and development of WPT systems..

show abstract

Section: Living Object Detection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inductive Wireless Power Transfer Charging for Electric Vehicles–A Review

Bharatiraja²,

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mechanical and thermal detection methods used for MOD are also suitable for LOD, where the light sensors [66], imaging processing [67,68], temperature sensors [66], and radar or sonar sensors [66,70,98,99] are always utilized to validate the presence of a living object based on size, shape, temperature and distance. These methods focus on variations in the space occupied by the living object and the temperature associated with the living object.…”

Section: Mechanical and Thermal Detection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanical and thermal methods Light sensor, image processing, temperature sensor, radar/sonar sensor Size, shape, [66,67] temperature [66,68], distance [66,70,98,99] Electromagnetic methods…”

Section: Lod Methods Sensor Detection Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Main WPT system Drain voltage deviation of the power switches [74] With additional circuit Detecting capacitor, detection coil Impedance deviation [62,69,100,101] The operating time of a LOD method also needs to be considered. To prevent the living object from experiencing harmful effects due to the strong EMF, the detection method should be implemented before charging, as with the mechanical and thermal detection methods [66,67,70,98,99] and detection methods with an additional circuit [62,69,100,101]. Considering that a living object may approach the transmission coils while charging, all the detection methods should be implemented during the whole charging process.…”

Section: Without Additional Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Foreign Object Detection for Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging

Xia

Yuan

et al. 2020

Electronics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wireless power transfer technology is being widely used in electric vehicle wireless-charging applications, and foreign object detection (FOD) is an important module that is needed to satisfy the transmission and safety requirements. FOD mostly includes two key parts: metal object detection (MOD) and living object detection (LOD), which should be implemented during the charging process. In this paper, equivalent circuit models of a metal object and a living object are proposed, and the FOD methods are reviewed and analyzed within a unified framework based on the proposed FOD models. A comparison of these detection methods and future challenges is also discussed. Based on these analyses, detection methods that employ an additional circuit for detection are recommended for FOD in electric vehicle wireless-charging applications.

show abstract

“…Several methods for FOD have been previously presented including using differences in the induced voltages of sets of sense coils [5], [6], [11]- [14], the impedance of the sensing patterns [15], the quality factor of the Rx coil [16], power or eddy current loss estimation [17]- [19], and variation in the Tx and Rx coil voltages and currents [20]- [22]. Lidar devices [23], radar sensors [24], thermal cameras [25], video sensors [26], cameras and image processing [27], and machine learning for reflection coefficient variation [28] are also used for foreign object detection in wireless power transfer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic Model-Based Foreign Object Detection for Wireless Power Transfer

Chu

Zan

Avestruz

2022

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Foreign objects near wireless power transfer (WPT) systems are fire hazards that must be detected. In this paper, a new accurate method is presented for foreign object detection based on an electromagnetic model for WPT. Foreign objects are detected by quantifying the deviation from a normal model. This deviation is caused by the foreign object's additional electromagnetic coupling. Advantages of this new method include invariance to receiver coil misalignment, and power level, allowing low-power detection prior to startup. Electromagnetic modelbased foreign object detection (EM-FOD) was demonstrated in hardware to detect a 2 cm diameter U.S. nickel coin, a small disposable lighter, and a saline proxy for a living animal in a kilowatt-level wireless power transfer system, using a pre-startup power of only 7 W. Furthermore, foreign objects can be detected regardless of an Rx coil misalignment of up to 10 cm. This paper is accompanied by an instructional video.

show abstract

Radar-based living object protection for inductive charging of electric vehicles using two-dimensional signal processing

Cited by 25 publications

References 17 publications

Inductive Wireless Power Transfer Charging for Electric Vehicles–A Review

Inductive Wireless Power Transfer Charging for Electric Vehicles–A Review

Foreign Object Detection for Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging

Electromagnetic Model-Based Foreign Object Detection for Wireless Power Transfer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About