Racial and ethnic disparities in obstetric anesthesia: a scoping review

Trends in State-Level Maternal Mortality by Racial and Ethnic Group in the United States

“…Several studies exploring the association of race and ethnicity with the utilization of labor epidural analgesia and the type of anesthesia for cesarean sections have been conducted. 10 Butwick et al 11 found that even after adjusting for age, insurance, type of pregnancy, prior cesarean delivery, induction of labor, and pregnancy-associated hypertensive disease, Black patients had a 90% greater odds of undergo general anesthesia for cesarean delivery (aOR, 1.90; 95% CI: 1.70-2.10; P = 0.02). Three large database studies also noted that Black patients were less likely to utilize labor epidural analgesia (aOR range: 0.49 to 0.79), [12][13][14] and were less likely to receive an epidural blood patch for treatment of a postdural puncture headache (aOR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.67-0.94).…”

Extreme inequity in analgesia and peri‐operative management of pregnant patients

“…Modifications of this model can also be used to explain some negative outcomes associated with ethnicity in the study by O'Carroll et al. [7], and more generally in other work reporting disparities in outcomes in racial and ethnically marginalised groups [22].…”

Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in anesthesiology and critical care: a time for reflection, acknowledgement, and change

“…15 Finally, in a scoping review, Lee et al summarize identified pervasive racial and ethnic disparities in delivery of obstetric anesthesia care, including labour epidural analgesia, postpartum pain management, and anesthesia for Cesarean deliveries. 16 …”

“…résument les disparités raciales et ethniques omniprésentes identifiées dans la prestation des soins d’anesthésie obstétricale, y compris dans l’utilisation de l’analgésie péridurale obstétricale, la prise en charge de la douleur post-partum et l’anesthésie pour les accouchements par césarienne. 16 …”