Racial and Ethnic Differences in Access to Medical Care

Mayberry, Robert; Mili, F.; Ofili, Elizabeth

doi:10.1177/1077558700574006

Cited by 262 publications

(168 citation statements)

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“…Based on past literature, these demographic characteristics are largely representative of rural populations and correspond with elevated risk for poor psychosocial and pain-related outcomes. [2,11,18,35,36,45,49,57,61,63,65,66,69,73,85,92,104] Compounding this preponderance of demographic risk factors are the disparities inherent in residing in a rural locality. Within rural populations, general health care system issues and the burden of living with chronic pain are amplified by numerous barriers, including: geographical isolation, access difficulties due to transportation problems (i.e., lack of family car or public transportation), severe professional shortages, hospital closures, and medical services that are limited and narrow in range and scope.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship of demographic and psychosocial variables to pain-related outcomes in a rural chronic pain population

Day

Thorn

2010

Pain

106

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Rural residency and low socioeconomic status (SES) are associated with increased likelihood of chronic pain. Other demographics are also differentially associated with the experience of pain. This study examines the relations between demographic and pain-related variables in a virtually unstudied population of rural Alabama chronic pain patients. One-hundred-and-fifteen patients completed validated measures of pain catastrophizing, depression, pain intensity, pain interference, perceived disability, and life satisfaction. Average age of study participants was 52-years, 79% were female, 74% were African-American, 72% reported annual income between 00,000-12,999, and 61% were unemployed. Although average years of reported education was 12.26, reading level percentile (primary literacy indicant) was 17.33. Cross-sectional multivariate and univariate analyses were conducted to examine associations among demographic and psychosocial variables in relation to various pre-treatment pain-related variables. The mediating role of pain catastrophizing and depression was investigated. Results indicate that race was significantly associated with pain intensity and pain interference, such that African-Americans reported higher scores than White-Americans. Pain catastrophizing was uniquely associated with pain intensity, pain interference, and perceived disability; depression was uniquely associated with pain interference, and life satisfaction. Pain catastrophizing mediated the relation between primary literacy and pain intensity; age effects were differentially mediated by either pain catastrophizing or depression. These analyses provide insight into the specific demographic and psychosocial factors associated with chronic pain in a low-literacy, low-SES rural population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[94] The experience of chronic pain varies in relation to a number of demographic variables including race, age, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES). [6,18,61]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship of demographic and psychosocial variables to pain-related outcomes in a rural chronic pain population

Day

Thorn

2010

Pain

106

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“…The persistence of black–white differences in medical care AM speaks to disparities in healthcare quality, unequal access to lifesaving therapies such as access to medical and trauma care,5657585960 and differentials in adequate management of chronic diseases 4961626364. In comparison to other industrialised countries, medical care AM appears to have declined less rapidly in the USA over the last decades, whereas the opposite is true for policy/behaviour AM 6566.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black-white differences in avoidable mortality in the USA, 1980-2005

Macinko

Elo

2009

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

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“…Mayberry, Mili, & Ofili, 2000) document racial and ethnic disparities in health care access and quality. Earlier studies (Escarce, Epstein, Colby, & Schwartz, 1993;Gornick et al, 1996;Saha, Komaromy, Koepsell, & Bindman, 1999) examine the influence of ethnicity and find that minority populations tend to consume less medical care than other large, self-identified ethnic groups.…”

Section: Ethnicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Tourism: Consumers’ Concerns Over Risk and Social Challenges

Gan¹,

Frederick

2015

Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing

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This paper studies factors that motivate an American's decision to seek medical care outside the United States. Principal components analysis yielded three factors -risk, social-related, and vacation. We found that the middle-income earners and recipients of Medicare, the federal health insurance program for the elderly, are more motivated by risk-related factors to travel for care, but the middle-aged and older, and the married are more motivated by social-related factors to travel for care. Medical tourism has the potential to ease the strain on the healthcare systems of developed countries. How well it does this will depend on how policy makers address these factors.

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Racial and Ethnic Differences in Access to Medical Care

Cited by 262 publications

References 0 publications

The relationship of demographic and psychosocial variables to pain-related outcomes in a rural chronic pain population

The relationship of demographic and psychosocial variables to pain-related outcomes in a rural chronic pain population

Black-white differences in avoidable mortality in the USA, 1980-2005

Medical Tourism: Consumers’ Concerns Over Risk and Social Challenges

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