Races of Puccinia triticina detected on wheat in Zimbabwe, Zambia and Malawi and regional germplasm responses

Pretorius, Z. A.; Visser, B.; Terefe, T.; Herselman, L.; Prins, R.; Soko, T.; Siwale, Julius; Mutari, Bruce; Selinga, T.I.; Hodson, David

doi:10.1007/s13313-014-0339-y

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Among the 13 commercial cultivars evaluated, only G73 (SC Sahai) and G11 (SC Select) carried Lr34. These results concur with findings by Pretorius et al (2015) in which only four genotypes (SC Sahai, SC Scan, Non-Sprout and W2486/6/18) out of 50 genotypes from Zimbabwe tested positive for Lr34.…”

Section: Genotyping Of Rust Resistance Genessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In Zimbabwe, most of the old and current commercial wheat cultivars grown are now susceptible to the current races of leaf and stem rust pathogens, although no severe epidemics have been observed previously (Mutari et al 2009(Mutari et al , 2010Mukoyi et al 2011;Mutari et al 2011Mutari et al , 2012Pretorius et al 2015). Furthermore, little research has been done so far with respect to evaluation of APR in wheat genotypes.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, little research has been done so far with respect to evaluation of APR in wheat genotypes. Previous studies done by Pretorius et al (2015) on some breeding lines and cultivars from Zimbabwe focused on only Lr34 and Lr19.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Detection of rust resistance in selected Zimbabwean and ICARDA bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) germplasm using conventional and molecular techniques

Mutari

Udupa²,

Mavindidze

et al. 2017

South African Journal of Plant and Soil

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Host resistance is the most effective and economical method to minimise yield losses caused by rusts. The aim of this study was to detect the presence of resistance in 75 wheat genotypes. The presence of the genes Sr2, Sr24, Lr34, Lr37, Lr46 and Lr68 was investigated using simple sequence repeat and sequence tagged site markers. Quantitative aspects of resistance to leaf rust were assessed through infection response, disease severity, coefficient of infection (CI), disease incidence (DI), leaf tip necrosis (Ltn) and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) under natural epidemics. Highly significant (p ≤ 0.001) differences were observed among the genotypes for CI, DI, AUDPC and relative AUDPC (rAUDPC). Twenty genotypes exhibited high levels of adult-plant resistance, showing CI less than 20% and AUDPC less than 300%, with moderately susceptible to susceptible reactions. The most frequently occurring gene was Lr46 (21%), followed by Lr68 (20%), Lr34 (19%), Lr37 (11%), and Sr24 (0%). Selection for Lr34 and Lr46 based on Ltn alone can sometimes be misleading because of its variable expression in different genetic backgrounds. Cultivars grown in Zimbabwe lacked important rust resistance genes.

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Section: Genotyping Of Rust Resistance Genessupporting

confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%

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Detection of rust resistance in selected Zimbabwean and ICARDA bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) germplasm using conventional and molecular techniques

Mutari

Udupa²,

Mavindidze

et al. 2017

South African Journal of Plant and Soil

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“…(Pt) are the most widely distributed and yield limiting diseases in South Africa (Pretorius et al 2007). The recent detection of new virulent leaf rust races such as *Corresponding author; E-mail: figlans@arc.agric.za 45,2017 CCPS, MCDS and FBPT (Pretorius et al 2015) and four highly virulent Ug99 variants including TTKSF, TTKSP, PTKST and TTKSF+ (http://rusttracker.cimmyt.org/?page id=22) present a significant threat to wheat production in South Africa, necessitating integrated and collaborative management strategies of the diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult plant resistance of selected Kenyan wheat cultivars to leaf rust and stem rust diseases

Figlan¹,

Baloyi²,

Hlongoane³

et al. 2017

Cereal Research Communications

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Phenotypic and genotypic evaluation of wheat genetic resources and development of segregating populations are pre-requisites for identifying rust resistance genes. The objectives of this study were to assess adult plant resistance (APR) of selected wheat genotypes to leaf rust and stem rust and to develop segregating populations for resistance breeding. Eight selected Kenyan cultivars with known resistance to stem rust, together with local checks were evaluated for leaf rust and stem rust resistance at seedling stage and also across several environments. Selected diagnostic markers were used to determine the presence of known genes. All eight cultivars were crossed with local checks using a bi-parental mating design. Seedling tests revealed that parents exhibited differential infection types against wheat rust races. Cultivars Paka and Popo consistently showed resistant infection types at seedling stage, while Gem, Romany, Pasa, Fahari, Kudu, Ngiri and Kariega varied for resistant and susceptible infection types depending on the pathogen race used. The control cultivars Morocco and McNair consistently showed susceptible infection types as expected. In the field, all cultivars except for Morocco showed moderate to high levels of resistance, indicating the presence of effective resistance genes. Using diagnostic markers, presence of Lr34 was confirmed in Gem, Fahari, Kudu, Ngiri and Kariega, while Sr2 was present in Gem, Romany, Paka and Kudu. Seedling resistance gene, Sr35, was only detected in cultivar Popo. Overall, the study developed 909 F 6:8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) as part of the nested mating design and are useful genetic resources for further studies and for mapping wheat rust resistance genes.

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“…Emergence of different rust races via migration, mutation, and recombination between prevailing genotypes followed by selection is also common. Recent identification of new virulent Ug99 races such as PTKST, TTKSP, TTKSF, and TTKSF+ (http:/rusttracker.cimmyt.org/?page id=22) and three highly virulent leaf rust races including FBPT, MCDS and CCPS 41 present a significant threat to wheat production in South Africa, necessitating collaborative and integrated management approaches of the diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat Breeding for Durable Rust Resistance and High Yield Potential in Historical Prospective and Current Status

Hussain¹,

Khan²,

Ali³

et al. 2017

azb

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Epidemics of leaf, stripe and stem rusts on wheat have induced significant losses in the past during the early nineteenth century and have destroying role in reducing product yield bringing about socioeconomic variability worldwide. The old tall varieties with qualitative resistance couldn't continue for longer period because of the advancement of new virulent pathogen races. But varieties like Yaqui-50, Lyalpur-73, and Lerma Rojo-64 were released during early period of green revolution, still linked with durable resistance to stripe, leaf and stem rust. Advancement of new rust races like virulence's Yr27 and Yr9 followed by the appearance of Ug99 and its mutants lead the breeders to review their breeding plan. Breeders are presently relying upon to gather minor genes and their use in grouping with major genes to develop rust resistance in wheat varieties. The minor genes, Lr46/Yr29, Lr34/Yr18, Sr2/Yr30, are being broken in wheat breeding at CIMMYT and different region. The germplasm with this kind of resistance have shown existence stability over space and time. At Ayub Agriculture Research Institute, Faisalabad the home of green revolution in Pakistan, this approach has been established since1994-95. The durable resistance assortments were crossed in a top cross/back cross technique and the segregating populations were improved by adopting mass strategy, which brought about the advancement of material having preferred yield and rust resistance over the pre-exiting assortments (e.g., Inqlab-91, MH-97). Five varieties, Shafaq-06, Lasani-08, AARI-11, Millat-11 and Galaxy-13 from these crosses have been approved for general cultivation. Essentially, the material developed and circulated by CIMMYT, Mexico having this sort of resistance is being worldwide adopted. The simple sequence repeat markers (SSR) for above mentioned durable genes are accessible and can be used in early selection of superior varieties.

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Races of Puccinia triticina detected on wheat in Zimbabwe, Zambia and Malawi and regional germplasm responses

Cited by 23 publications

References 23 publications

Detection of rust resistance in selected Zimbabwean and ICARDA bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) germplasm using conventional and molecular techniques

Detection of rust resistance in selected Zimbabwean and ICARDA bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) germplasm using conventional and molecular techniques

Adult plant resistance of selected Kenyan wheat cultivars to leaf rust and stem rust diseases

Wheat Breeding for Durable Rust Resistance and High Yield Potential in Historical Prospective and Current Status

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