Race Inequities in Men's Retirement

Hayward, Mark D.; Friedman, Samantha; Chen, Hsinmu

doi:10.4135/9781483328539.n28

Cited by 16 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Blacks also have significantly higher incidence rates of work and domestic disability, and activities of daily living (ADL) impairment. The results suggest that health concerns severely limit blacks' ability to engage in productive economic and domestic activities during this peak earning period in the life cycle-a pattern also observed in other recent studies (Bound, Schoenbaum, and Waidmann 1996;Hayward et al 1996).…”

Section: American Sociological Review American Sociological Review Amsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The difficulty in establishing these effects is compounded by the fact that health also affects life-cycle achievement. A growing body of evidence suggests that life-cycle wealth, income, and labor force attachment are aspects of individuals' socioeconomic circumstances that may be influenced by health (Bound et al 1996;Hayward et al 1996;Shea, Miles, and Hayward 1996;Smith and Kington 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prevalence differences not only reflect the experiences of blacks and whites during middle age but they also embody disease experiences at earlier ages that have left their mark on the population (Freeman and Hutchinson 1980;Hayward, Friedman, and Chen 1996;Schoen 1988). For example, the greater prevalence of hypertension among middle-aged blacks indicates higher incidence rates among blacks at younger ages (i.e., prior to middle age).…”

Section: Theoretical Background Recent Empirical Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Significance of Socioeconomic Status in Explaining the Racial Gap in Chronic Health Conditions

Hayward¹,

Crimmins²,

Miles³

et al. 2000

American Sociological Review

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408

331

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survive to old age, their mortality rates converge toward those for older whites, although blacks remain disadvantaged (Elo and Preston 1994).The racial gap in mortality during the prime adult ages points to the need to understand chronic health problems of middleaged blacks and whites. Middle age, defined here as ages 51 to 63, designates the lifecycle period when the racial gap in health is potentially at its greatest (House et al. 1994). Our overall goal is to identify racial differences in "life without health problems" to better specify the pathways that lead to racial differences in mortality and to differences in the quality of life lived. We define health problems broadly to include the major fatal and nonfatal chronic diseases, conditions, and impairments, functional difficulty, and disability.Two basic questions guide our analysis. First, are blacks consistently disadvantaged relative to whites across all major chronic eath truncates the lives of black Americans at younger ages than whites, with greater racial differences observed for men than women. National life table estimates for 1996 predict a life expectancy at birth for black men of 66 years compared with almost 74 years for white men (Ventura et al. 1997). Much of this difference is due to the racial disparity in mortality rates prior to age 65. Should blacks D

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Section: American Sociological Review American Sociological Review Amsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Background Recent Empirical Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Significance of Socioeconomic Status in Explaining the Racial Gap in Chronic Health Conditions

Hayward¹,

Crimmins²,

Miles³

et al. 2000

American Sociological Review

Self Cite

408

331

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Sullivan method uses a single-decrement life-table and health data from a single cross-sectional survey (Molla, Wagener, andMadans 2001, 2004), whereas the multistate life-table model uses an increment-decrement life-table and health data from at least two interviews of a longitudinal survey (Rogers, Rogers, and Belanger 1989). The multistate life-table model has the advantage of generating life expectancies in different health states while accounting for the probability of recovery (Crimmins, Hayward, and Saito 1996;Hayward, Friedman, and Chen 1996;Land, Guralnik, and Blazer 1994;Schoen 1988).…”

Section: Data and Methods Model Specifi Cationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective information on health status and its application for population health measures

Molla

Lubitz

2008

Demography

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“…In this aggregate-level analysis, the basic statistical unit is a group, and the sizes of groups are updated, usually by matrix multiplication. Several empirical studies have used this method, for example, with active life expectancy (28), retirement inequality (29), and labor inequality (30). However, with an increasing number of covariates, the number of cells increases very fast and leads to vanishing cell frequencies.…”

Section: Model-based Versus Nonmodel-based Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Multistate worklife expectancies

Nurminen¹,

Nurminen²

2005

Scand J Work Environ Health

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This communication reviews the demographic concept of worklife expectancy and draws the epidemiologists' attention to its usefulness in occupational health research and pension policy making. The distinctions between different analytic approaches to the quantification of expected workforce status and mobility are pointed out. A recently developed multivariate large-sample regression method for the analysis of worklife tables is placed into the general context of life tables. Given aggregated data from multiple cross-sectional or longitudinal population surveys, a multistate regression model can be used to estimate consistently marginal probabilities that a person is in a given work-health state or transition probabilities between the states and, thereby, worklife expectancies. The methodology is illustrated through the application to data from Finnish population statistics on employment, disability, retirement, and mortality. The paper closes with a discussion of the methodological issues and empirical findings on pension policy in Finland.

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Race Inequities in Men's Retirement

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

The Significance of Socioeconomic Status in Explaining the Racial Gap in Chronic Health Conditions

The Significance of Socioeconomic Status in Explaining the Racial Gap in Chronic Health Conditions

Retrospective information on health status and its application for population health measures

Multistate worklife expectancies

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