Race, ethnicity, and sociocultural characteristics predict noncompliance with lipid-lowering medications

Kaplan, Robert C.; Bhalodkar, Narendra C.; Brown, Edward J.; White, Jessica; Brown, David L.

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.04.041

Cited by 87 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Age and gender were equally good at predicting response, although those effects could be due to compliance with the drug regimen 2,15 rather than intrinsic differences among those groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

An association study of 43 SNPs in 16 candidate genes with atorvastatin response

et al. 2005

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Variation in individual response to statin therapy has been widely studied for a potential genetic component. Multiple genes have been identified as potential modulators of statin response, but few study findings have replicated. To further examine these associations, 2735 individuals on statin therapy, half on atorvastatin and the other half divided among fluvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin and simvastatin were genotyped for 43 SNPs in 16 genes that have been implicated in statin response. Associations with lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering, total cholesterol lowering, HDL-C elevation and triglyceride lowering were examined. The only significant associations with LDL-C lowering were found with apoE2 in which carriers of the rare allele who took atorvastatin lowered their LDL-C by 3.5% more than those homozygous for the common allele and with rs2032582 (S893A in ABCB1) in which the two groups of homozygotes differed by 3% in LDL-C lowering. These genetic effects were smaller than those observed with the demographic variables of age and gender. The magnitude of all the differences found is sufficiently small that genetic data from these genes should not influence clinical decisions on statin administration.

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“…Age and gender were equally good at predicting response, although those effects could be due to compliance with the drug regimen 2,15 rather than intrinsic differences among those groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

An association study of 43 SNPs in 16 candidate genes with atorvastatin response

et al. 2005

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“…Caucasians are believed to have good compliance according to some studies (Didlake et al 1988;Sharkness and Snow 1992;Turner et al 1995;Raiz et al 1999;Thomas et al 2001;Yu et al 2005), while African-Americans, Hispanics and other minorities were found to have comparatively poor compliance (Schweizer et al 1990;Monane et al 1996;Leggat et al 1998;Benner et al 2002;Apter et al 2003;Opolka et al 2003;Spikmans et al 2003;Butterworth et al 2004;Kaplan et al 2004;Dominick et al 2005). However, a plausible explanation for this may be due to patient's lower socio-economic status and language barriers of the minority races in the study countries.…”

Section: Ethnicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Healthcare cost should not be a big burden if the patient has a relatively high income or health insurance. A number of studies found that patients who had no insurance cover (Swett and Noones 1989;Kaplan et al 2004;Choi-Kwon 2005), or who had low income (Degoulet et al 1983;Cockburn et al 1987;Shea et al 1992;Frazier et al 1994;Apter et al 1998;Berghofer et al 2002;Benner et al 2002;Ghods and Nasrollahzadeh 2003;Hernandez-Ronquillo et al 2003;Mishra et al 2005) were more likely to be noncompliant to treatment. However, even for patients with health insurance, health expenses could still be a problem.…”

Section: Cost Of Therapy and Incomementioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting therapeutic compliance: A review from the patient’s perspective

Jin

Sklar²,

Oh³

et al. 2008

TCRM

840

248

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Objective: To explore and evaluate the most common factors causing therapeutic noncompliance. Methods: A qualitative review was undertaken by a literature search of the Medline database from 1970 to 2005 to identify studies evaluating the factors contributing to therapeutic non-compliance. Results: A total of 102 articles was retrieved and used in the review from the 2095 articles identifi ed by the literature review process. From the literature review, it would appear that the defi nition of therapeutic compliance is adequately resolved. The preliminary evaluation revealed a number of factors that contributed to therapeutic non-compliance. These factors could be categorized to patient-centered factors, therapy-related factors, social and economic factors, healthcare system factors, and disease factors. For some of these factors, the impact on compliance was not unequivocal, but for other factors, the impact was inconsistent and contradictory. Conclusion: There are numerous studies on therapeutic noncompliance over the years. The factors related to compliance may be better categorized as "soft" and "hard" factors as the approach in countering their effects may differ. The review also highlights that the interaction of the various factors has not been studied systematically. Future studies need to address this interaction issue, as this may be crucial to reducing the level of non-compliance in general, and to enhancing the possibility of achieving the desired healthcare outcomes.

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“…Across specialties and disciplines, minority groups tend to have a higher rate of noncompliance. When adjusted for age and sex, there was a higher frequency of noncompliance among the Black and Hispanic subjects who were on lipid-lowering medications [7]. Nonadherence to antiretroviral medications was significantly (p<0.05) associated with the Black race and Hispanic ethnicity [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Prevalence of High-Grade Cervical Dysplasia in an Inner City Adolescent Population

Smith

McDonald

Shokrani

2014

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in an adolescent population diagnosed at an urban university hospital. Methods This study was a retrospective review of Pap smear diagnoses from January 1997 through August 2010. Patients ≤20 years were compared with records of patients ages 21-30 and >30 years and also with US averages. Analyses were conducted using the Pearson chi-square test. Results A total of 19,481 Pap smear diagnoses of AfricanAmerican patients were reviewed: 2,229 for patients ≤20 years old, 5,294 for patients 21-30 years old, and 11,958 for patients >30 years old. The prevalence of HSIL in study patients ≤20 year age group was higher (1.62 %) than that of the 21-30 year age group (1.38 %) and the >30 year age group (1.10 %). The difference between the ≤20 year age group and the >30 year age group was statistically significant (p=0.0478) whereas the difference betweeen the ≤20 year age group and the 21-30 year age group was not (p=0.458). Follow-up management of seventeen patients ≤20 years old with HSIL indicated that eleven (64.7 %) patients had a persistent diagnosis of HSIL, four (23.5 %) patients had a diagnosis of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and two (11.8 %) patients had no evidence of intraepithelial lesion or malignancy on subsequent colposcopy or conization.

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Race, ethnicity, and sociocultural characteristics predict noncompliance with lipid-lowering medications

Cited by 87 publications

References 19 publications

An association study of 43 SNPs in 16 candidate genes with atorvastatin response

An association study of 43 SNPs in 16 candidate genes with atorvastatin response

Factors affecting therapeutic compliance: A review from the patient’s perspective

Prevalence of High-Grade Cervical Dysplasia in an Inner City Adolescent Population

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Race, ethnicity, and sociocultural characteristics predict noncompliance with lipid-lowering medications

Cited by 87 publications

References 19 publications

An association study of 43 SNPs in 16 candidate genes with atorvastatin response

An association study of 43 SNPs in 16 candidate genes with atorvastatin response

Factors affecting therapeutic compliance: A review from the patient&rsquo;s perspective

Prevalence of High-Grade Cervical Dysplasia in an Inner City Adolescent Population

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Product

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Factors affecting therapeutic compliance: A review from the patient’s perspective