Race and Socioeconomic Differences in Obesity and Depression among Black and Non-Hispanic White Americans

Lincoln, Karen D.; Abdou, Cleopatra M.; Lloyd, Donald A.

doi:10.1353/hpu.2014.0038

Cited by 43 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…[38][39][40][41] Previous studies document an association between weight status and emotional disorders, especially depression. 18,20 Of the students endorsing depressive symptoms in the current study, the majority were females (67.7%). The overall rate of depressive symptoms was high in this cohort, 28.4%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…[15][16][17] Although the prevalence of co-occurring obesity and psychological disorders vary by race [18][19][20] , depressive symptoms, anxiety, and eating disorders co-occur with obesity. 15,18 Studies assessing the correlation between weight and poor self-concept demonstrated lower self-concept in individuals with higher body weight. 16 Body dissatisfaction and depression differentially affected adolescent girls more than boys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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BMI, Body Image, Emotional Well-Being and Weight-Control Behaviors in Urban African American Adolescents

Allen

Belcher

Young

et al. 2016

Int. J. Child Health Nutr.

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IMPORTANCE-While urban African American adolescents face significant health disparities associated with overweight and obesity that follow them into adulthood; there is limited data on body image, emotional well-being, and weight control behaviors in this population to design effective public health interventions.OBJECTIVE-This study was designed to understand the association of weight status to adolescent weight control, body image, and emotional well-being responses, in African American high school students. DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS-The study cohort consisted of 776 students, mean age 15.8 years (±1.2). Data from Guidelines for Adolescent Preventive Services (GAPS) student surveys and anthropometric studies were collected at School-Based Health Centers.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES-Associations between adolescent responses on the GAPS and body mass index (BMI) status (healthy weight: 5th to less than 85th percentile, overweight: 85th to less than 95th percentile, obese: 95th percentile or greater) were estimated using logistic regression and dose-response plots.RESULTS-There were statistically significant associations between BMI category and weight control (ranging from a mean 5.18 to 7.68 odds of obesity) and body image (3.40 to 13.26 odds of obesity) responses. Responses to weight control and body image questions exhibited a doseresponse for odds of overweight and obesity. Feelings of depressed mood were associated with obesity (1.47 times the odds of obesity compared to students who did not endorse depressed mood; 95% CI, 1.01 to 2.13) but not overweight status. HHS Public Access

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BMI, Body Image, Emotional Well-Being and Weight-Control Behaviors in Urban African American Adolescents

Allen

Belcher

Young

et al. 2016

Int. J. Child Health Nutr.

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“…Secondly, though the variation is small, genetic risk factors have been shown to predict obesity in non-Hispanic blacks [32, 33]. There is also evidence showing the association of obesity with low socio-economic status [34, 35]. Low socio-economic status in terms of lower income, lower educational attainment and lower literacy levels [36, 37] are associated with poor health outcomes [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult BMI change and risk of Breast Cancer: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2010

et al. 2015

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Objective Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality among women in the developed world. This study assessed the association between occurrence of breast cancer and Body Mass Index (BMI) change from age 25 to age closest to breast cancer diagnosis while exploring the modifying effects of demographic variables. Methods The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data were used. Women included were ≥50 years, not pregnant and without a diagnosis of any cancer but breast. The total sample included 2,895 women (172 with breast cancer and 2,723 controls with no breast cancer diagnosis). Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the OR and 95% CI’s and interaction evaluated by including an interaction term in the model. Results Women whose BMI increased from normal or overweight to obese compared to those who remained at a normal BMI were found to have a 2 times higher odds (OR=2.1; 95% CI: 1.11-3.79) of developing breast cancer. No significant association was observed for women who increased to overweight. However, a more pronounced association was observed in non-Hispanic black women (OR=6.6; 95% CI: 1.68-25.86) and a significant association observed when they increased from normal to overweight (OR=4.2; 95% CI: 1.02-17.75). Conclusions Becoming obese after age 25 is associated with increased risk of breast cancer in women over 50 years old, with non-Hispanic black women being at greatest risk.

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“…Globally, overweight and obesity among female adults have increased from 29.8-38.0% between 1980 and 2013 respectively [32], with a recent study conducted in Zimbabwe [33] con rming these ndings for the time period 2005 to 2015. Differences in experiencing obesity and overweight among socioeconomic subgroups [34] may be linked to IPV in complex ways. For example, prior evidence suggests that abused women may end up suffering from depression [35], and may hence seek consolation in overeating [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the associations between intimate partner violence and nutritional status of women in Zimbabwe

Mukamana

Machakanja

Zeeb

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women and poor nutritional status are growing health problems in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Moreover, violence against women has been shown to be associated with poor nutrition. This study investigated the relationship between IPV and nutritional status (i.e., underweight, overweight, and obesity) among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) in Zimbabwe. Methods: Pooled data from the 2005/2006, 2010/2011, and 2015 Zimbabwe Demographic Health Surveys (ZDHS) on 13,008 married/cohabiting women were analysed. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between the various forms of IPV and the nutritional status of women. We further estimated the prevalence of BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 (overweight and obesity) by intimate partner violence type.Results: The mean BMI of women was 24.3 kg/m2, more than one-fifth (24%) were overweight and about 12% were obese. Forty-three percent (43%) of women reported to have ever experienced at least one form of intimate partner violence. More than one-third (35%) of women who reported to have ever experienced at least one form of intimate partner violence had a BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 (p< 0.01). Relative to normal weight, women who had ever experienced at least one form of IPV (i.e., physical, emotional, or sexual) were more likely to be obese (aOR = 2.59; 95% CI = 1.05–6.39). Women’s exposure to any form of intimate partner violence was not significantly associated with the likelihood of being underweight or overweight relative to normal weight.Conclusions: The study findings showed that women of reproductive age in Zimbabwe are at high risk of both IPV and excess weight. Moreover, we found a positive relationship between IPV and obesity. Public health interventions that target the well-being, empowerment, and development of women are needed to address the complex issue of IPV and adverse health outcomes, including obesity.

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Race and Socioeconomic Differences in Obesity and Depression among Black and Non-Hispanic White Americans

Cited by 43 publications

References 54 publications

BMI, Body Image, Emotional Well-Being and Weight-Control Behaviors in Urban African American Adolescents

BMI, Body Image, Emotional Well-Being and Weight-Control Behaviors in Urban African American Adolescents

Adult BMI change and risk of Breast Cancer: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2010

Investigating the associations between intimate partner violence and nutritional status of women in Zimbabwe

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