Rabbit Pigmented Ciliary Epithelium Produces Interleukin-6 in Response to Inflammatory Cytokines

Fleisher, Lloyd N.; McGahan, M.C.; Ferrell, J.

doi:10.1006/exer.1999.0787

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Since IL-1α is mainly present in the cell and IL-1β is mainly present in the body fluid, the biological effects of IL-1 are mainly mediated by IL-1β [18]. Fleisher et al reported that IL-1β could stimulate the production of IL-6 (Fig 1), leading to intraocular inflammation in uveitis [19]. In the present study, we found that serum IL-1β levels in PSS patients were significantly lower than those in normal controls (Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum Th1 and Th17 related cytokines and autoantibodies in patients with Posner-Schlossman syndrome

et al. 2017

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Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS) shares some clinical features with uveitis and open angle glaucoma. Cytokines and autoantibodies have been associated with uveitis and open angle glaucoma. However, the role of serum cytokines and autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of PSS remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the associations of type 1 T helper (Th1) and Th17 related cytokines and autoantibodies with PSS. Peripheral blood serum samples were collected from 81 patients with PSS and 97 gender- and age-matched healthy blood donors. Th1 and Th17 related cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-12, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon- γ (IFN-γ), IL-6 and IL-17, and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) were determined by double antibody sandwich ELISA. Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), anti-keratin antibody (AKA) and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay. Anti-cardiolipin antibody (ACA)-IgG, ACA-IgM, ACA-IgA, anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP) were detected by indirect ELISA. Serum levels of IL-1β, IL-12 and IL-6 in PSS patients were significantly lower than those in controls (P < 0.003), and these associations survived the Bonferroni correction (Pc < 0.018). There was no significant difference in serum levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-17 between the PSS and control groups (Pc > 0.12). Positive rate of serum anti-dsDNA in PSS patients was significantly higher than that in the control group (P = 0.002, Pc = 0.018), while positive rates of serum ANA, AKA, ANCA, ACA-IgG, ACA-IgM, ACA-IgA, GPI and anti-CCP in the PSS group were not significantly different from those in the control group (Pc > 0.09). These results suggest that anti-dsDNA may contribute to the pathogenesis of PSS, while Th1 and Th17 related cytokines and other autoantibodies may not be major contributors to PSS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IL-6 can be induced by cytokines such as IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-1β (Fig 1), which is an important cytokine that causes inflammatory response of uveitis [19]. IL-6 can induce the differentiation of T cells into Thl7 cells, and the induced Th17 cells can secrete IL-6, thus forming a positive feedback effect (Fig 1) [23,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Th1 and Th17 related cytokines and autoantibodies in patients with Posner-Schlossman syndrome

et al. 2017

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“…In the eye, IL‐6 that is produced mainly by monocytes, is found in high concentrations in intraocular fluids in uveitis (Fleisher et al. 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the eye, IL-6 that is produced mainly by monocytes, is found in high concentrations in intraocular fluids in uveitis (Fleisher et al 2000). It modulates the proliferation of lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells and together with IL-1b, and TNF-a is an important component of the immune response (Akira et al 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral cataract induced by unilateral UVR‐B exposure – evidence for an inflammatory response

Meyer

Löfgren

Holz

et al. 2012

Acta Ophthalmologica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: To investigate whether unilateral in vivo UVR-B exposure of one eye affects the fellow eye in a co-cataractogenic, sympathetic reaction and to determine whether an inflammatory response could be involved in the pathogenesis. Methods: C57BL ⁄ 6 mice were unilaterally exposed in vivo to UVR-B for 15 min. In the group of 24 animals each received 0· ⁄ 2· ⁄ 3· ⁄ or 4· cataract threshold equivalent dose. Following 48-hr UVR-B exposure, cataract morphology was documented in dark-field illumination photography, and light scattering was quantified, in both lenses in vitro. Serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1ß, IL-6 and TNF-a were analysed with ELISA. Immunohistochemistry was performed for inflammatory infiltration in exposed and contralateral eyes. Results: UVR-B exposure induced cataract in all exposed lenses. There was additionally a significant UVR dose-dependent increase in light scattering in the lenses of the non-exposed fellow eye. Inflammatory infiltration was detected immunohistochemically in the anterior segment of both eyes. IL-1b serum concentration increased with increasing UVR-B exposure dose. There was a similar trend for serum IL-6 but not for TNF-a. Conclusion: Unilateral UVR-B exposure to one eye is associated with intraocular inflammation and an increase in lens light scattering also in the unexposed, fellow eye. A resulting systemic inflammatory response might be mediated by IL-1b and possibly IL-6. The finding that an inflammatory response may play a role in UVR-B-induced cataract development might initiate new strategies in the prevention of the disease.

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“…IL-6 may also play a crucial role in the development of postoperative infl ammation after cataract surgery [16] , since it has been shown to stimulate collagen synthesis and may therefore be involved in corneal wound healing [9,10,17] . IL-6 is a pluripotent cytokine: besides its infl ammatory role, it is also part of an endogenous anti-infl ammatory system [12] . IL-6 has the capability to interfere with anterior chamber-associated immune deviation in normal eyes, which raises the possibility of suppressing the intraocular synthesis of IL-6 in order to reduce infl ammation, restore the ocular immune privilege and prevent ocular surface infl ammation [18] .…”

Section: Enhanced Release Of Il-6 and Il-8 Into Tearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Release of IL-6 and IL-8 into Tears in Various Anterior Segment Eye Diseases

et al. 2006

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Objective: To determine the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8/CXCL-8) in tears collected from the eyes of normal individuals and of patients with different irritative eye diseases, in order to acquire information on the immunological changes occurring during the early postoperative period following various forms of eye surgery, including penetrating keratoplasty (PKP). Methods: IL-6 and IL-8 levels were measured with the aid of human ultrasensitive ELISA kits in the non-stimulated tears of patients in the early postoperative period following PKP or cataract operation, and of patients with acute bacterial conjunctivitis or with a corneal foreign body. The IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations, the total amounts released in a given time and the rates of their release were calculated. Results: A significant increase in IL-6 release was observed in all patient groups compared with the normal controls (p ≤ 0.003). The IL-8 release levels were significantly higher in the tears of all patient groups (p ≤ 0.03), except for the cataract operation group, where the IL-8 release was not significantly higher (p = 0.053) than in the control samples. No significant differences in IL-6 or IL-8 release were observed when the various patient groups were compared with each other. Conclusion: The release of IL-6 and IL-8 into the tears is enhanced in various anterior segment eye diseases, and this may be used as an indicator of various inflammatory reactions in the early postoperative period.

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Rabbit Pigmented Ciliary Epithelium Produces Interleukin-6 in Response to Inflammatory Cytokines

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

Serum Th1 and Th17 related cytokines and autoantibodies in patients with Posner-Schlossman syndrome

Serum Th1 and Th17 related cytokines and autoantibodies in patients with Posner-Schlossman syndrome

Bilateral cataract induced by unilateral UVR‐B exposure – evidence for an inflammatory response

Enhanced Release of IL-6 and IL-8 into Tears in Various Anterior Segment Eye Diseases

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