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Abstract

Qualitative and quantitative composition of flavonoid and isoflavonoid glycosides as well as free aglycones in lupin seedlings (roots and aerial parts) grown under different light conditions or responding to infection with Pleiochaeta setosa, a fungus causing brown leaf spot, were monitored by liquid chromatography with UV and/or mass spectrometric detection. Both physical and biotic factors affected flavonoid and isoflavonoid levels in lupin tissues. Fungal infection evoked significant increase in the amounts of genistein, 2'-hydroxygenistein, and their prenylated derivatives that are thought to function as lupin phytoalexins. Effect on quantitative changes of glycosylated flavonoids and isoflavonoids in the roots and aerial parts was less significant. Moreover, different light conditions applied during seedling growth caused relative changes of flavonoid and isoflavonoid conjugates composition, especially in the leaves of white lupin plants. The chemical structures of flavonoid and isoflavonoid conjugates present in Lupinus angustifolius were elucidated. In addition to genistein and 2'-hydroxygenistein glycosides, flavonol conjugates were identified in leaves, while the composition of root isoflavonoids was similar to that of L. albus reported earlier.

Differential metabolic response of narrow leafed lupine (Lupinus angustifolius) leaves to infection with Colletotrichum lupini

“…On the other hand, isoflavones and their glycosides were detected in amounts even two orders of magnitude lower than these of the flavones. The opposite was observed previously in the profiles obtained in the case of white lupin (L. albus) (Bednarek et al 2001(Bednarek et al , 2003.…”

“…The elution steps were as follows: 0-30 min linear gradient from 0 B to 30% B, 30-40 min linear gradient up to 100% of B, 40-60 min isocratic at 100% B, after the return to the initial conditions the equilibration was achieved in 10 min. Isoflavonoids were identified by comparison to MS spectra and/or retention times from previous studies and by comparison to the data obtained for pure standards (Frański et al, 1999a, b;Bednarek et al 2001Bednarek et al , 2003Kachlicki et al 2005Kachlicki et al , 2008. The same gradient and column were applied when analyses were performed using LC/MS n system consisting of an Agilent 1100 pump (Palo Alto, USA) and an ion trap (IT) mass spectrometer, model Esquire 3000 (Bruker Daltonics, Bremen, Germany) equipped with an electrospray ion source (ESI).…”

“…Many of the target secondary metabolites present in plants from different lupine species were structurally characterized in our laboratory (Frański et al 1999a, b;Bednarek et al 2001Bednarek et al , 2003Kachlicki et al 2005Kachlicki et al , 2008Muth et al 2008). Profiles of phenolic glycoconjugates in lupine leaves were more complicated both qualitatively and quantitatively in composition than those observed in the roots of the same plants.…”

“…A particular care must be taken during analyses of labile modified compounds such as malonylated conjugates of flavonoid glycosides. These compounds were earlier identified in lupine tissues as isolated pure compounds by using different LC/MS systems (Frański et al, 1999a, b;Bednarek et al 2001Bednarek et al , 2003Kachlicki et al 2005Kachlicki et al , 2008Muth et al 2008).…”

High-Energy Neutrinos Produced by Interactions of Relativistic Protons in Shocked Pulsar Winds

“…1 There are some papers based on this scenario and flux of neutrinos and/or gamma-rays is estimated (Protheroe et al 1998;Bednarek and Bartosik 2003;Bednarek 2003a;Bednarek 2003b;Amato et al 2003). Beal and Bednarek (2002) proposed that accelerated cosmic rays will interact with the photon fields inside the supernova remnant at the very early phase (within ∼1 yr) of a supernova explosion.…”