R<scp>oots of</scp> A<scp>lawite</scp>‐S<scp>unni</scp> R<scp>ivalry in</scp> S<scp>yria</scp>

Fildiş, Ayşe Tekdal

doi:10.1111/j.1475-4967.2012.00541.x

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Two of several coups d'état have shaped Syria's political map in the last 60 years. The first coup d'état, on 8 March 1963, was led by the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party (Fildis, 2012;Ginat, 2000;Pipes, 1992;Talhamy, 2009). A second coup, led by the Minister of Defense, Hafez al-Assad, overthrew the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party government in November 1970 in the name of the self-styled "Corrective Movement."…”

Section: The Politics Of Heritage In Pre-war Syriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two of several coups d'état have shaped Syria’s political map in the last 60 years. The first coup d’état, on 8 March 1963, was led by the Arab Socialist Ba’ath Party (Fildis, 2012; Ginat, 2000; Pipes, 1992; Talhamy, 2009). A second coup, led by the Minister of Defense, Hafez al-Assad, overthrew the Arab Socialist Ba’ath Party government in November 1970 in the name of the self-styled “Corrective Movement.” Hafez al-Assad became the president of Syria in 1971, and his succession brought an end to the coups that had destabilized Syria since its independence (Be’eri, 1982; Seale, 2000).…”

Section: The Politics Of Heritage In Pre-war Syriamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconstructing narratives: The politics of heritage in contemporary Syria

Munawar

2022

Journal of Social Archaeology

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It is predominantly known that history is written by winners. However, this statement is true when a conflict has a symmetric tendency. In the case of Syria, where the conflict has been widely considered asymmetric, history is being written by a regime/government that won the war by not losing it. This article investigates the interconnection between heritage and politics in Syria by scrutinizing heritage practices, uses, and abuses since the colonial period. First, this article examines regime/government-led post-conflict reconstruction projects in the aftermath of Syria’s current conflict. Then the article moves on and explores the creation of war narratives and the selective memorialization of Syria’s recent conflict by looking at the portrayal of contested war memories in the media and the production of oral history. I argue that heritage practices, uses, presentation, and promotion in Syria since the colonial period have produced a politicized, one-sided (hi)story influenced by political agendas. This history includes highly politicized, ongoing tangible and intangible heritage reconstruction works, freighted with cultural meaning and primarily intended to bolster the power and authority of the ruling regime.

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Section: The Politics Of Heritage In Pre-war Syriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Politics Of Heritage In Pre-war Syriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing narratives: The politics of heritage in contemporary Syria

Munawar

2022

Journal of Social Archaeology

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“…Lebih jauh, hubungan antar golongan, etnis, serta kaum religius di Suriah semakin rusak dan saling menyerang satu sama lain (Fildis, 2012…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasan Faktor-faktor Pemicu Konflik Suriahunclassified

“…Pasukan Pasukan dari kaum minoritas melalui Troupes Speciales du Levant digunakan untuk memelihara perintah, menekan pemberontakan lokal, dan menanamkan kebencian dengan Sunni (Fildis, 2012). Pasukan ini sangat ampuh sebagai kendaraan gerakan sosial mengingat kondisi ekonomi yang mereka hadapi.…”

Section: Analisis Kelompok Alawieunclassified

Analisis Konflik Arab Spring di Suriah

Ridho

Yani

Sudirman

2020

JUPIIS

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This study aim to explain phenomenon of Arab spring that occurred in Syria and describing the triggering factors of conflict Syria and the analysis of Alawie group in Syria. The type of this study uses a qualitative approach with the literature study method, because the data collection techniques used make books and documents related to the Arab spring in Syria as a reference frame, as well as some data from a valid website. Data analysis techniques through three components, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions in which data verification is also accompanied by triangulation of data sources. The results showed that the phenomenon of Arab spring that occurred in Syria converged on inter-ethnic conflict that occurred between the Sunni-Alawie, then triggered by the phenomenon of Arab spring that spread in the Middle East.

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“…However, during the French mandate, Alawis settled in an autonomous district on the Syrian coast, which was later known as the Alawi region and the territory of Alawis (Pipe, 1989;Skutsch, 2013). French followed the policy of split and rule to suppress the national independence movement; they established religious courts for both Sunni and Shiite Muslims and considered Alawis a religious Shiite sect and allowed them to have communal representations in parliament as well as positions in the military (Pipe, 1989;Fildis, 2012;Skutsch, 2013).…”

Section: Alawismentioning

confidence: 99%

(De)islamisation of Target Text: Subtitling Islamic Cultural Items in Documentary Films Broadcast on Video-on-Demand Platforms

Al-Shlool¹

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This PhD thesis represents a pioneering investigation to explore two important areas in the field of audiovisual translation (AVT). Firstly, the phenomenon of (de)islamisation which is a relatively new and it has not yet received sufficient attention in the literature, has been examined, taking in consideration the technical constraints of subtitling. This thesis provides a detailed analysis of the way in which the (de)islamisation of the target text can be achieved at the lexical and grammatical level. Additionally, the field of AVT has seen significant growth in recent years, however, research on AVT in the Arabic language remains limited. To the best of my knowledge, there is currently no existing study or theory that specifically addresses the subtitling strategies for religious cultural items in general, or for Islamic cultural items in particular. This thesis aims to address this gap by examining subtitling strategies used to convey Islamic cultural items in Arabic-language films into English. Utilising abduction approach, where the analysis is based on the existing taxonomies of subtitling strategies of culturally specific items, such as Gottlieb (1992), Pedersen (2005) and Díaz Cintas & Remael (2014), and the empirical data, this study proposes a particular taxonomy of the subtitling strategies of Islamic Cultural Items consisting of nine categories: loan, literal translation, substitution, transposition, addition, compensation, dummy compensation, omission, and condensation. These strategies are further categorised into deislamisation-oriented, islamisation-oriented, and two-edge strategies. Utilising the principles of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), Fairclough's three-dimensional Model (1989Model ( /1995, the study also examines the technical and ideological factors that may influence the selection of a particular strategy. This study identifies 790 Islamic cultural items within the study corpus, representing the frequency of their occurrence rather than their distinct number, found in 9 documentary films available on three video-on-demand platforms. The results indicate that omission is the most frequently used strategy, while addition is the least used. The study also identifies instances of technical and ideological manipulation in the form of deislamisation and islamisation of the target text, as well as cases of overlap between the two. This research is the first to address the phenomenon of (de)islamisation in Audio-visual translation, identify the relationship between deislamisation and secularisation of discourse, and investigate the genre of documentary films in Arabic subtitling studies. This study demonstrates how subtitling, at textual level, can reflect social practices, at a micro level.

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Roots of Alawite‐Sunni Rivalry in Syria

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Reconstructing narratives: The politics of heritage in contemporary Syria

Reconstructing narratives: The politics of heritage in contemporary Syria

Analisis Konflik Arab Spring di Suriah

(De)islamisation of Target Text: Subtitling Islamic Cultural Items in Documentary Films Broadcast on Video-on-Demand Platforms

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