Quorum sensing as a method for improving sclerotiorin production in Penicillium sclerotiorum

Raina, Sheetal; Odell, Mark; Keshavarz, Tajalli

doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.04.009

Cited by 47 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…[ 39 ] and Penicillium spp. [ 40 ]. To date, four main quorum-sensing molecules were described including farnesol, tyrosol, phenylethanol, and tryptophol, which have a remarkable effect on the regulation of morphogenesis (yeast to hyphae transition and vice versa), initiation of fungal apoptosis, and virulence [ 41 ].…”

Section: Fungal Quorum Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Quorum-Sensing Molecules: A Review of Their Antifungal Effect against Candida Biofilms

Kovács

Majoros

2020

JoF

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The number of effective therapeutic strategies against biofilms is limited; development of novel therapies is urgently needed to treat a variety of biofilm-associated infections. Quorum sensing is a special form of microbial cell-to-cell communication that is responsible for the release of numerous extracellular molecules, whose concentration is proportional with cell density. Candida-secreted quorum-sensing molecules (i.e., farnesol and tyrosol) have a pivotal role in morphogenesis, biofilm formation, and virulence. Farnesol can mediate the hyphae-to-yeast transition, while tyrosol has the opposite effect of inducing transition from the yeast to hyphal form. A number of questions regarding Candida quorum sensing remain to be addressed; nevertheless, the literature shows that farnesol and tyrosol possess remarkable antifungal and anti-biofilm effect at supraphysiological concentration. Furthermore, previous in vitro and in vivo data suggest that they may have a potent adjuvant effect in combination with certain traditional antifungal agents. This review discusses the most promising farnesol- and tyrosol-based in vitro and in vivo results, which may be a foundation for future development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat Candida biofilms.

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Section: Fungal Quorum Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Quorum-Sensing Molecules: A Review of Their Antifungal Effect against Candida Biofilms

Kovács

Majoros

2020

JoF

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“…Some species of Penicillium, such as P. sclerotinum, produce sclerotiorin, a secondary metabolite with antibiotic properties, and γ-butyrolactone-containing molecules such as multicolic acid, which act as QSMs [30]. Taking into account that Gram-negative bacteria produced lactones (AHLs) as QSMs and that filamentous fungi produce butyrolactone I [31], γ-heptalactone [32], and γ-butyrolactones [33], the discovery that γ-butyrolactones are produced also by the filamentous bacterium Streptomyces [11] suggests a convergent evolution or a horizontal gene transfer occurring during the evolution [30]. At the same time, different fungi, such as basidiomycete Cryptococcus neoformans, produce as QSMs some peptides, similar to how Gram-positive bacteria do.…”

Section: Qs In Eukaryotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential Oils and Microbial Communication

Nazzaro¹,

Fratianni²,

d’Acierno³

et al. 2020

Essential Oils - Oils of Nature

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The World Health Organization highlighted the increase in the resistance to conventional antibiotics for most pathogens and observed also a decrease of the threshold for all mechanisms of cell-cell microbial communication, leading to the formation of biofilms and to the increase of microbial pathogenicity. Scientific community is therefore oriented to the identification and study of alternative substances to antibiotics. In such context, substances of vegetal source, such as essential oils (EOs), always used in traditional medicine, stimulated-particularly in recent decades-the scientific world to discover and identify substances, intended as a mixture or single components capable to fight pathogenic microorganisms. From this point of view, the study of plants is very interesting and offers many interesting ideas and results. This brief chapter describes the basis of the microbial communication, until the formation of biofilm, and some mechanisms through which essential oils, or some of their main components, may decrease or inactivate the complex mechanisms that lead to pathogenicity, both of prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

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“…QS mechanisms have also been described in filamentous fungi from the genera Aspergillus (19,24) and Penicillium (15,25).…”

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confidence: 99%

Quorum-Sensing Mechanisms Mediated by Farnesol in Ophiostoma piceae: Effect on Secretion of Sterol Esterase

Salas

Martı́nez

Barriuso

2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Ophiostoma piceae CECT 20416 is a dimorphic wood-staining fungus able to produce an extracellular sterol-esterase/lipase (OPE) that is of great biotechnological interest. In this work, we have studied the morphological change of this fungus from yeast to hyphae, which is associated with the cell density-related mechanism known as quorum sensing (QS), and how this affects the secretion of OPE. The data presented here confirm that the molecule E,E-farnesol accumulates as the cell number is growing within the population. The exogenous addition of this molecule or spent medium to the cultures increased the extracellular activity of OPE 2.5 times. This fact was related not to an increase in microbial biomass or in the expression of the gene coding for OPE but to a marked morphological transition in the cultures. Moreover, the morphological transition also occurred when a high cell density was inoculated into the medium. The results suggest that E,E-farnesol regulates through QS mechanisms the morphological transition in the dimorphic fungus O. piceae and that it is associated with a higher extracellular esterase activity. Furthermore, identification and transcriptional analysis of genes tup1 and cyr1, which are involved in the response, was carried out. Here we report enhanced production of a sterol-esterase/lipase of biotechnological interest by means of QS mechanisms. These results may be useful in increasing the production of secreted enzymes of other dimorphic fungi of biotechnological interest.T riacylglycerol esterases, also known as lipases, have acylglycerols as their natural substrates, while sterol esterases hydrolyze fatty acid esters of sterols. In addition, both kinds of enzymes are able to carry out synthesis reactions in the presence of organic solvents (1, 2). They are widespread in nature, but those from microorganisms, especially fungi, have gained special interest due to their broad substrate specificity and their potential application for biotechnological applications (2).Ophiostoma piceae is a wood-staining fungus and is a causal agent of pine and spruce discoloration. Although it is not a pathogenic species and associates with nonaggressive bark beetles, the infection results in substantial economic losses in the forestry industry (3). Its ability to produce a morphological transition from yeast to hyphal forms, depending on fungal culture conditions, probably contributes to its adaptation to different environmental conditions (3). The effect of inoculum size on culture morphology of fungi from the genera Ophiostoma has been recently reported, suggesting that yeast-or hypha-like growth could be associated with quorum-sensing (QS) activity (4).The fungus O. piceae CECT 20416 produces an extracellular sterol esterase (OPE) with activity on triglycerides, esters of p-nitrophenol, and cholesterol (5). This is the only esterase secreted by this strain, and it represents a major protein in the crude enzyme obtained using a basal medium supplemented with olive oil. The enzyme is a glycosylated protein,...

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Quorum sensing as a method for improving sclerotiorin production in Penicillium sclerotiorum

Cited by 47 publications

References 33 publications

Fungal Quorum-Sensing Molecules: A Review of Their Antifungal Effect against Candida Biofilms

Fungal Quorum-Sensing Molecules: A Review of Their Antifungal Effect against Candida Biofilms

Essential Oils and Microbial Communication

Quorum-Sensing Mechanisms Mediated by Farnesol in Ophiostoma piceae: Effect on Secretion of Sterol Esterase

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