Quinones as plant growth regulators

Ranade, Suiata; David, S. B.

doi:10.1007/bf00123541

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…There is an additional potential bene®t to gall-formers from high levels of phenolics in gall tissue. Phenolic compounds have been found to be manipulators of gene expression, plant hormone activity and hence plant growth (Ray and Laloraya 1984;Ranade and David 1985;Prinsen et al 1991), all processes gall-formers would seem likely to bene®t from manipulating. Furthermore, other tumour-forming processes, such as the nodulation of plant roots by Rhizobium, have been shown to involve phenolic compounds as``signals'' between the plant and the invading organism (Lynn and Chang 1990;Dakora et al 1993;Heidstra and Bisselling 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chemical composition of plant galls: are levels of nutrients and secondary compounds controlled by the gall-former?

1998

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The chemical composition of galled and ungalled plant tissue was compared in a series of experiments. Gall and adjacent plant tissue was analysed for 20 species of gall-former on 11 different plant species. There were clear differences between galled and ungalled tissue in levels of nutrients and secondary compounds. Gall tissue generally contained lower levels of nitrogen and higher levels of phenolic compounds than ungalled plant tissue. The gall tissue produced by the same plant in response to different species of gall-former differed in chemical composition, as did the gall-tissue from young and mature galls of the same species. The chemical differences between gall and plant tissues were studied in more detail in two field manipulations. Firstly, the seasonal changes in phenolic biosynthesis in Pontania proxima and P. pedunculi (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) gall tissue were compared to those of their host plants, Salix alba and S. caprea. In both types of gall tissue, phenolic levels declined as the season progressed, but levels in the surrounding plant tissue increased. When the gall insects were killed with insecticide, phenolic levels in the galled tissue dropped to the same level as those in adjacent plant tissue. Secondly, the density of Cynips divisa (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) galls on Quercus robur leaves was reduced by removing half the galls present, either those from the central region of the leaf or those from the edge. Decreasing gall density increased the size of the remaining galls and the weight of the insects, but these effects were most marked when the galls remaining were growing centrally on the leaf, i.e. when the galls from the edge had been removed. Decreasing gall density increased the nitrogen content of the remaining galls, again to a greater extent in galls growing centrally on the leaf. The results of these studies suggest that the levels of nutrients and secondary compounds in gall tissue are usually markedly different to those of surrounding plant tissue, and that gall-formers may produce species-specific and temporally variable changes in the chemical composition of gall tissue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chemical composition of plant galls: are levels of nutrients and secondary compounds controlled by the gall-former?

1998

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“…The washing in acetone was part of the preparation of the enzyme extract [20] . This observation implies that 4-CR is bound tightly or maybe even irreversibly to the enzyme .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The soluble protein fraction was prepared from the hypocotyls [20] by a procedure involving washing of the extract in 50% (V/V) cold acetone, which removed the phenolics and precipitated the soluble protein . PPO was assayed using 4-methyl-catechol as a substrate and measuring the initial rates of the reaction at 410nm [15] .…”

Section: 3 Ppo Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Promotion of adventitious root formation by 4-chlororesorcinol: A polyphenol oxidase inhibitor

Gad

Ben-Efraim

1988

Plant Growth Regul

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The extent of rooting in cuttings of Phaseolus vulgaris L ., and Vigna radiata Wilcz. was affected by 4-chlororesorcinol, a polyphenol oxidase inhibitor . More root primordia and more roots were formed after 4-chlororesorcinol treatment both with and without 10 -'M Indole butyric acid . Promotion of rooting was observed also in cuttings of Elaeagnus pungens, Gypsophilia elegans and Kalanchoe blossfeldiana . The enhancement in bean and mung bean was accompanied by a concomitant wider spatial distribution of the primordia and the resulting adventitious roots . The formation of primordia in the treated cuttings was delayed by 12-24 hours, compared to untreated cuttings . The treatment was effective only when given during the first hours after the preparation of the cutting of bean and mung bean, suggesting involvement in the initiation stage . Hypocotyl extracts of mung bean cuttings, pretreated with 4-chlororesorcinol, exhibited reduced polyphenol oxidase activity . The inhibition was not reversed by washing of the treated extract in 50% acetone or by an overnight dialysis, suggesting tight or maybe even irreversible binding of the inhibitor to the enzyme .

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“…In our studies, both the monophenols appear to be biologically active since they increased pod yields significantly over the control. In recent years, several studies have shown a general lack of correlation between the effects of phenolic compounds on growth and development and their structural configuration (12,13,21,22). In peanut if full pod load is established earlier and synchronous development ofpods with continuous supply of photosynthates maintained, pods formed are larger (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, during the last decade, their use has been expanded to several plant processes (2,6,7,12,13) with beneficial results (21,23). In earlier work we reported that some of the phenolic compounds (monophenols) were highly effective for yield improvement in some peanut cultivars, viz.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Four Phenolic Compounds on Yield, Yield Characteristics and Oil Production of Two Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivars1

Singh¹,

Parmar²,

Malik³

et al. 1991

Peanut Science

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In the recent years phenolics have gained importance as PGR(s) [plant growth regulators]. To study their effect on pod development in peanut, four phenolic compounds (H-acid, 1,2,4-acid, resorcinol, and RD-Brown) were used in a field experiment with two foliar spray applications of 100 and 200 ug/mL at 35 and 50 days after planting. A randomized block design was used separately for two cultivars (C-501 and M-37 with three replications for each treatment. All treatments resulted in increased oil content and yield (kg/ha) of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). H -acid at 100 ug/mL was the most effective treatment for enhancing number of pods per plant, shelling percentage, yield (kg/ha) and oil percentage in C-501. While H-acid at 100 ug/mL gave the highest increase in number of pods/plant and oil percentage, resorcinol induced the highest yield per hectare and total oil content in M-37. The effect of phenolic compounds on these peanut parameters was independent of their structural configuration.

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Quinones as plant growth regulators

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

The chemical composition of plant galls: are levels of nutrients and secondary compounds controlled by the gall-former?

The chemical composition of plant galls: are levels of nutrients and secondary compounds controlled by the gall-former?

Promotion of adventitious root formation by 4-chlororesorcinol: A polyphenol oxidase inhibitor

Effect of Four Phenolic Compounds on Yield, Yield Characteristics and Oil Production of Two Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivars1

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