Abstract:The strategy of Aedes aegypti to prolong embryonic viability by quiescence has severe implications for geographic expansion and maintenance of mosquito populations in areas under control measures. We evaluated the effects of quiescence on biological parameters directly or indirectly associated with population dynamics and vectorial capacity in populations of this mosquito species from two Brazilian municipalities characterized as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika transmission areas. Egg viability, initial hatching… Show more
“…(2019), Ae. aegypti could be able to develop a potential diapause in a low percentage of eggs and only have quiescence as in tropical regions (Oliva et al ., 2018).…”
Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) distribution is bounded to a subtropical area in Argentina, while Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) covers both temperate and subtropical regions. We assessed thermal and photoperiod conditions on dormancy status, development time and mortality for these species from subtropical Argentina. Short days (8 light : 16 dark) significantly increased larval development time for both species, an effect previously linked to diapause incidence. Aedes albopictus showed higher mortality than Ae. aegypti at 16 °C under long day treatments (16 light : 8 dark), which could indicate a lower tolerance to a sudden temperature decrease during the summer season. Aedes albopictus showed a slightly higher percentage of dormant eggs from females exposed to a short day, relative to previous research in Brazilian populations. Since we employed more hours of darkness, this could suggest a relationship between day‐length and dormancy intensity. Interestingly, local Ae. aegypti presented dormancy similar to Ae. albopictus, in accordance with temperate populations. The minimum dormancy in Ae. albopictus would not be sufficient to extend its bounded distribution. We believe that these findings represent a novel contribution to current knowledge about the ecophysiology of Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti, two species with great epidemiological relevance in this subtropical region.
“…(2019), Ae. aegypti could be able to develop a potential diapause in a low percentage of eggs and only have quiescence as in tropical regions (Oliva et al ., 2018).…”
Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) distribution is bounded to a subtropical area in Argentina, while Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) covers both temperate and subtropical regions. We assessed thermal and photoperiod conditions on dormancy status, development time and mortality for these species from subtropical Argentina. Short days (8 light : 16 dark) significantly increased larval development time for both species, an effect previously linked to diapause incidence. Aedes albopictus showed higher mortality than Ae. aegypti at 16 °C under long day treatments (16 light : 8 dark), which could indicate a lower tolerance to a sudden temperature decrease during the summer season. Aedes albopictus showed a slightly higher percentage of dormant eggs from females exposed to a short day, relative to previous research in Brazilian populations. Since we employed more hours of darkness, this could suggest a relationship between day‐length and dormancy intensity. Interestingly, local Ae. aegypti presented dormancy similar to Ae. albopictus, in accordance with temperate populations. The minimum dormancy in Ae. albopictus would not be sufficient to extend its bounded distribution. We believe that these findings represent a novel contribution to current knowledge about the ecophysiology of Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti, two species with great epidemiological relevance in this subtropical region.
“…Since human immunization is not an option to date, public health authorities focus their efforts on vector suppression campaigns using long-standing protocols with major constraints. Mechanical removal of breeding sites, for instance, are labor intensive and usually leave some hotspots untouched, in which dry quiescent eggs remain viable until more favorable conditions resume (Diniz et al, 2017; Farnesi et al, 2015; Oliva et al, 2018). Deployment of chemical pesticides have also proven inefficient, given the lack of precision and the surge of resistant variants (Maciel-de-Freitas et al, 2014; Macoris et al, 2018).…”
Field release of Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti has emerged as a promising solution to manage the transmission of dengue, Zika and chikungunya in endemic areas across the globe. Through an efficient self-dispersing mechanism, and the ability to induce virus-blocking properties, Wolbachia offers an unmatched potential to gradually modify wild Ae. aegypti populations turning them unsuitable disease vectors. Here in this work, a proof-of-concept field trial was carried out in a small community of Niterói, greater Rio de Janeiro. Following the release of Wolbachia-infected eggs, we reported a successful invasion and long-term establishment of the bacterium across the territory, as denoted by stable high-infection indexes (>80%). We have also demonstrated that refractoriness to dengue and Zika viruses, either thorough oral-feeding or intra-thoracic saliva challenging assays, were maintained over the adaptation to the natural environment of Southeastern Brazil. These findings further support Wolbachia’s ability to invade local Ae. aegypti populations and impair disease transmission, and shall pave the way for future epidemiological and economic impact assessments.
“…For example, variability in the quiescence strategy to prolong embryonic viability has been observed in different Ae. aegypti populations (Oliva et al, 2018). Moreover, potential interspecific competition between individuals of Ae.…”
Highlights• European coasts present favourable conditions for Aedes aegypti establishment • We assess the species introduction and establishment using a process-based model • We selected five ports: Algeciras, Barcelona, Venice , Genoa and Rotterdam • Algeciras and Barcelona were the most suitable areas for the species establishment • Climate change could make more suitable the northernmost study areas Abstract Aedes aegypti are feared invasive mosquitoes as they transmit pathogens which 1 cause debilitating diseases in humans. Although mainland Europe has not yet wit-2 nessed re-establishment and diffusion of Ae. aegypti populations, several urban areas 3 along coastlines represent suitable habitats for the species. In addition, European 4 coastal areas are characterized by a high exotic species propagule pressure, due to the 5 dense international ship traffic.6
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