Questionário de avaliação da vulnerabilidade em saúde da pessoa com insuficiência cardíaca: construção e validação

Abstract

Objetivo: Construir e validar um instrumento para avaliação da vulnerabilidade em saúde da pessoa com insuficiência cardíaca. Método: Estudo metodológico, constituído de uma fase de identificação dos marcadores da vulnerabilidade em saúde da pessoa com insuficiência cardíaca e outra de desenvolvimento do instrumento e validação de seu conteúdo por especialistas. Para análise da validade de conteúdo e da concordância entre especialistas, calculou-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo e Teste Binomial, respectivamente. Resultados: O instrumento foi composto por três dimensões, desmembradas em 110 itens, com excelentes índices de validação de conteúdo (≥0,78) e p>0,05. O índice de validação total foi de 0,99. Conclusão: Os itens permitiram a operacionalização do fenômeno de interesse e os valores obtidos na análise estatística garantiram a validade e confiabilidade do instrumento para a fase de validação externa.

Structure internal of the dimension Human Person of the Questionnaire of Health Vulnerability in Heart Failure

“…Factor analysis showed that the HV construct in the human person with HF is organized into the factors Education and functional health literacy, Signs and symptoms, Sleep and daily activities, Water and food intake and Mental health. The five factors evidenced by the factor analysis correlation matrix were congruent with the concept of HV in the person with HF and its constituent elements (6) : in the dimension of the Human Person, the HV is multifactorial and incorporates social, educational, physiological, clinical, psychological and behavioral attributes. These findings demonstrate the importance of breaking with the merely technical care, focused only on the pathological process, and to adopt preventive and health-promoting measures that allow the understanding of the multiple facets of the subject in his vulnerable condition.…”

“…Despite the relevance of understanding the HV in this population, a proper instrument to measure it has not yet been identified. With the intention of filling this gap, two studies are highlighted: the first one identified the constituent elements of the HV of the person with HF ( 5 ) and the second one focused on the construction and validation of a bank of items ( 6 ) . As a result, 49 theoretical elements guided the elaboration of 110 items, divided into three dimensions and validated by 19 health professionals specialized in HF, with content validity index (CVI) per item ≥0.78, without significant disagreement between experts (p > 0.05) as to the score, attested by the binomial exact test, and total CVI 0.99 ( 6 ) .…”

“…In the items bank developed, the Human Person dimension comprised 66 items related to the subject, organized in the subdimensions: socioeconomic, demographic and clinical profile; learning; mental health and health behaviors ( 6 ) . In this research, the evidence of validity of the internal structure of the human person dimension of the questionnaire was analyzed.…”