Quercetin Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Induced Excessive Fat Deposition of Spotted Seabass (Lateolabrax maculatus) Through the Regulatory for Mitochondria and Endoplasmic Reticulum

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of quercetin (QUE) on fat deposition and the underlying mechanism. Fish were fed four test diets: normal fat diet (NFD), high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD supplemented with 0.5 or 1.0 g/kg quercetin (QUE0.5 or QUE1.0). The results showed that HFD feeding resulted in poor growth and feed utilization while QUE treatment reversed this. The fat contents of serum and liver were increased by HFD and QUE supplementation significantly decreased fat content. Furthermore, gene expressions and ultrastructure observation showed that mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy were inhibited and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in the HFD group. QUE can activate the biogenesis and autophagy of mitochondria and suppress ERS, which is related to its fat-lowering effect.

High-Fat-Diet-Induced Oxidative Stress in Giant Freshwater Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) via NF-κB/NO Signal Pathway and the Amelioration of Vitamin E

“…The hepatopancreas is the main organ responsible for the absorption and storage of the ingested substances. In the present study, the HF diet caused excessive lipid droplet accumulation in the hepatopancreas, which was also widely reported in other aquatic species [ 27 , 29 , 39 ]. In addition, the high-fat diet also induced hepatopancreas lipophagy and apoptosis.…”

“…In this study, the high-fat diet reduced the growth performance and survival rate of M. rosenbergii . Similar results were also observed in spotted seabass ( Lateolabrax maculatus ) [ 29 ], Pacific white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) [ 14 ], largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ) [ 30 ], and blunt snout bream ( Megalobrama amblycephala ) [ 31 ]. The reason for this might be the damaged antioxidant capacity, stress and disease resistance induced by dietary high fat.…”

Oxidative Stress Can Be Attenuated by 4-PBA Caused by High-Fat or Ammonia Nitrogen in Cultured Spotted Seabass: The Mechanism Is Related to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

“…After eight weeks of feeding, the fish were euthanized with 100 mg/L MS-222 (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA). Then, bodyweights were measured, and liver sampling was conducted for analysis, in accordance with the method described in our recent study [ 10 ]. The experimental conditions were consistent with the conditions maintained during the acclimation period.…”

“…Oxidative stress could cause damage to cells and tissues, and it mainly manifests as the peroxidation of biomacromolecules and cell apoptosis [ 8 , 9 ]. In general, many exogenous factors can induce oxidative stress, including oxidized fat and high-fat diets, ammonia nitrogen, and so on [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Fat plays a dominant role in energy storage and supply for animals, due to its high energy density [ 14 , 15 ]; hence, the high-fat diet is extensively used in fish cultures for its protein-sparing effect [ 14 , 16 , 17 ].…”

“…It has become the second major cultured marine fish in China, with 195,246 tons being produced in 2020 [ 21 ]. The high-fat diet is widely used in its artificial rearing, which often leads to fat deposition and oxidative stress [ 10 ]. Moreover, the stocking density of spotted seabass is often high, with a production of >100 kg/m 3 ; thus, it is a good model to study the oxidative stress caused by high-fat or ammonia nitrogen.…”