High-Fat-Diet-Induced Oxidative Stress in Giant Freshwater Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) via NF-κB/NO Signal Pathway and the Amelioration of Vitamin E

Abstract

Lipids work as essential energy sources for organisms. However, prawns fed on high-fat diets suffer from oxidative stress, whose potential mechanisms are poorly understood. The present study aimed to explore the regulation mechanism of oxidative stress induced by high fat and the amelioration by vitamin E (VE) of oxidative stress. Macrobrachium rosenbergii were fed with two dietary fat levels (LF 9% and HF 13%) and two VE levels (200 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. The results showed that the HF diet decreased the growth performance, survival rate and antioxidant capacity of M. rosenbergii, as well as inducing hypertrophied lipid droplets, lipophagy and apoptosis. A total of 600 mg/kg of VE in the HF diet alleviated the negative effects induced by HF. In addition, the HF diet suppressed the expression of toll-dorsal and imd-relish signal pathways. After the relish and dorsal pathways were knocked down, the downstream iNOS and NO levels decreased and the MDA level increased. The results indicated that M. rosenbergii fed with a high-fat diet could cause oxidative damage. Its molecular mechanism may be attributed to the fact that high fat suppresses the NF-κB/NO signaling pathway mediating pro-oxidant and antioxidant targets for regulation of oxidative stress. Dietary VE in an HF diet alleviated hepatopancreas oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Oxidative Stress Can Be Attenuated by 4-PBA Caused by High-Fat or Ammonia Nitrogen in Cultured Spotted Seabass: The Mechanism Is Related to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

“…Oxidative stress refers to the excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production that can be stimulated by environmental and nutritional factors [ 28 ]. ROS can induce the oxidative damage of biomacromolecules and cellular membrane systems [ 29 ].…”

Tea Tree Oil Mediates Antioxidant Factors Relish and Nrf2-Autophagy Axis Regulating the Lipid Metabolism of Macrobrachium rosenbergii

“…In terms of the other key node factor, Relish , correlation analysis data found that Relish was positively correlated with key lipolytic genes Atgl and Cpt1 . Although few studies have shown that Relish enhances lipolysis, one study found that Relish was inhibited when the body fat increased in shrimp [ 35 ]. In addition, Relish was positively correlated with Ulk1 , Beclin1 , and Lc3 , and negatively correlated with p62 .…”

“…ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA) adapted from the ORO-staining section algorithm was used to analyze the lipid content of the ORO-staining section and expressed it as the % of the area of lipid-positive hepatopancreas tissue and finally determined its gray value. According to published methods, Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and transmission electron microscopy staining for hepatopancreas were conducted [ 32 , 35 ]. To calculate the relative area of the liver vesicles in the H&E stainings, 3 fields were analyzed randomly.…”

Low fish meal diet supplemented with probiotics ameliorates intestinal barrier and immunological function of Macrobrachium rosenbergii via the targeted modulation of gut microbes and derived secondary metabolites

“…The reaction parameters of RTqPCR are as follows: pre-run at 95°C for 15 min, followed by 40 cycles of denaturation at 95°C for 15 s, and a 60°C annealing step for 34 s. The reaction mixture comprised 2 µl of cDNA, 0.4 µl of forward primer, 0.4 µl of reverse primer, 10 µl of SYBR Premix ExTaqTM (TaKaRa, Dalian, Liaoning, China), 0.4 µl of ROX Reference Dye (TaKaRa, Dalian, Liaoning, China), and 6.8 µl of double-distilled water. β-Actin gene was selected as a reference gene ( 19 ), and each sample was tested in triplicate. Primers were designed online (NCBI, Bethesda, MA, USA) ( Table 2 ).…”