Quaternary block-tilting in southern Himalayan ranges of eastern Uttarakhand, India

Goswami, Pradeep K.; Deopa, Tanuja

doi:10.1127/0372-8854/2012/0093

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The river gradient is nearly 100 m from Seraghat to Seri where the NAT and RF follow the river (see Figure 7(c)). Thus, the increase in gradient even to the order of only 1 ∘ can promote incision and the head ward erosion of streams [64] and can also enhance the development of uptilted tributaries [65,66]. The steep slopes along the knick points indicate differential uplift along channel or a disequilibrium state of channels due to tectonic and climatic perturbations (Figure 7(c)).…”

Section: Longitudinal Profiles and Stream Gradient Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Overview and Morphotectonic Evolution of a Strike-Slip Fault in the Zone of North Almora Thrust, Central Kumaun Himalaya, India

Joshi

Pant

Kotlia

et al. 2016

Journal of Geological Research

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The aim of the present research is to provide the base line details of the NNW-SSE trending Raintoli fault (RF) which is running parallel to the North Almora Thrust (NAT) along the Saryu valley from Seraghat-Naichun to Seri in the central sector of the Uttarakhand Himalaya, India. The RF is characterized as dextral strike slip fault and behaves as a ductile shear zone within the zone of NAT. The dextral sense of shear movement of RF is delineated by the fabric of the shear zone rocks including microscopically observed indicators such as sigma and delta porphyroclasts, quartz c-axis, and the field structural data. Additionally, in the quaternary period the dextral strike slip fault is reactivated with oblique slip component as characterized by various geomorphic indicators, for example, triangular facets, abandoned river channels, unpaired fluvial terraces, and V-shaped valleys with recurrent seismicity. Further, the morphometric parameters including Valley Floor Width to Valley Height (Vf), asymmetry factor (AF), and gradient index (GI) further prove active nature of RF as suggested by low values of hypsometric integration, V-shaped valley, higher gradient index, and tilting of Saryu basin.

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Section: Longitudinal Profiles and Stream Gradient Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Overview and Morphotectonic Evolution of a Strike-Slip Fault in the Zone of North Almora Thrust, Central Kumaun Himalaya, India

Joshi

Pant

Kotlia

et al. 2016

Journal of Geological Research

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“…Several authors envisage that the movement of tectonic blocks influences the geomorphology of the Earth's surface and the development of drainage networks [5][6][7]. Additionally, the movement of tectonic blocks along faults has resulted in active tectonic activities in an area, and in turn, controls the behavior and development of drainage features [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphological and Statistical Assessment of Tilt-Block Tectonics in the Garhwal Synform: Implications for the Active Tectonics, Garhwal Lesser Himalaya, India

2021

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Active tectonics is manifested in geomorphological features such as drainage basins and drainage patterns. Geomorphic parameters asymmetry factor (AF) and transverse topography symmetry factor (T) is calculated for 94 third order basins of the Garhwal synform to decipher the tilt-block tectonics based on remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) techniques. The quantitative analysis of the AF suggests that all the 94 basins are asymmetric and gentle to steeply tilted, indicating active tectonics and early and late stage of development, respectively. The mean vector magnitude (θv) of T suggests the migration of the basin stream towards the south in most basins (60%), suggesting a unidirectional tilting of the tectonic block. The χ2 test for statistical significance indicates that the θv is significant for southern and northern limb basins. The χ2 test affirms that the third order basin position on either side of the main channel of the river basin influences the tilt direction. The regional tectonics suggests migration of the Lansdowne klippe towards the south, as the majority of third order basins show southward tilt. The study provides a quick appraisal of tilting in the tectonic blocks of active margins, such as in the Himalayas.

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“…Abrupt deflection of the Kali River course from its original flow direction, that is, NNE‐SSW to E‐W, is observed, which reflects recent activity in this region (Figure a,b). Morphometric analysis in association with fluvial landform study has been used to ascertain the tectonic instability/stability in different river valleys of the central Kumaun Himalaya like the Kosi, Kali, Saryu, Pindar, and Alaknanda (Agarwal & Sharma, ; Goswami & Deopa, ; Goswami & Pant, ; Joshi, Singh, Pant, Puniya, & Kothyari, ; Kothyari, ; Kothyari & Pant, ; Luirei, ; Pant, Goel, & Joshi, ; Rana, Singh, Sundriyal, Rawat, & Juyal, ). The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) analysis combined with field evidences is extensively used to deduct neotectonic deformation across the complex Himalayan domain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of neotectonic variability along major Himalayan thrusts within the Kali River basin using geomorphic markers, Central Kumaun Himalaya, India

2019

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We have analysed the geomorphic signatures in aggregation with the geomorphic indices with respect to hinterland and foreland neotectonic variability across the major Himalayan thrust system along the Kali River valley of eastern Kumaun Himalaya. The valley floor morphology in the vicinity of the major thrust gave rise to the accommodation space for the aggradation of the recent fluvial sediments. For a longitudinal distance of 212 km between the South Tibet Detachment (STD)and Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT), the valley has preserved significant aggradational landforms. These landforms have been physically examined to explain the spatial and temporal variability in phases of aggradation/incision in response to the tectonic activity during the late Quaternary. Fossil valleys and associated epigenetic gorges, cut-and-fill terraces with thick alluvial cover, debris-flow terraces, bedrock strath terraces, and alluvial fan terraces are the significant aggradational landforms observed within the valley. They provide signatures of tectonic activity and past climatic records. We have analysed various geomorphic indices, namely, stream-gradient index (SL), steepness index (Ks), hypsometric curve and index (HI), and asymmetric factor (AF) to map the spatial variability in tectonic processes across the major thrusts. The channel morphology (depth and width) of a river becomes adjusted in geological time because of long-term tectonic and erosional processes. However, the channel geometry and deviations can be highly adjustable in a tectonically disturbed mountainous region. The deviations along the river course can be attributed to active tectonic movement along thrusts/faults or because of erosion/sedimentation processes. We applied a novel method called the river Gradient Length Anomaly (GLA) for 37 subbasins of the Kali River to deduce active deformation (uplift/subsidence) corresponding to the increased sedimentation and erosional rates, both from the upstream and downstream parts of the thrusted blocks, from where river flows through. The results of basin-wise morphometric indices were corroborated with GLA anomaly and field observations, which suggests that the area has undergone active deformation between the Main Central Thrust (MCT) and Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT), which is attributed to the regional compression. The results of geomorphic and morphometric data are validated with the focal mechanisms of moderate earthquakes. The geomorphic analysis suggests that the hinterland part of eastern Kumaun is more active than the foreland region.

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Quaternary block-tilting in southern Himalayan ranges of eastern Uttarakhand, India

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Structural Overview and Morphotectonic Evolution of a Strike-Slip Fault in the Zone of North Almora Thrust, Central Kumaun Himalaya, India

Structural Overview and Morphotectonic Evolution of a Strike-Slip Fault in the Zone of North Almora Thrust, Central Kumaun Himalaya, India

Geomorphological and Statistical Assessment of Tilt-Block Tectonics in the Garhwal Synform: Implications for the Active Tectonics, Garhwal Lesser Himalaya, India

Evaluation of neotectonic variability along major Himalayan thrusts within the Kali River basin using geomorphic markers, Central Kumaun Himalaya, India

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