Quasiphase Transition in a Single File of Water Molecules Encapsulated in (6,5) Carbon Nanotubes Observed by Temperature-Dependent Photoluminescence Spectroscopy

Ma, Xuedan; Cambré, Sofie; Wenseleers, Wim; Doorn, Stephen K.; Htoon, Han

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.118.027402

Cited by 56 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…18 If ϵ env in the solid phase is smaller than that in the liquid phase, as discussed below, then the blue-shift of the PL spectra can be explained as the liquid−solid transition of water in the SWCNT. The phase transition from liquid to solid phase of water in SWCNTs with temperature decrease is observed by XRD, 14 neutron scattering, 25 PL, 26 and Raman scattering spectroscopy measurements. 11 Here, we regard the blue-shift of the PL emission peak as the phase transition from liquid to solid phase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The continuous phase transition was observed from SWCNTs with d CNT ∼ 1.1 nm in the MD simulation, 13 and it was also measured in a single-file chain of water molecules in (6,5) SWCNTs by using PL spectroscopy. 26 In order to simplify the analysis, the temperature dependence of the energy difference of E 11 between opened and closed SWCNTs was approximated by a hyperbolic tangent curve, as shown in Figure 2b. The hyperbolic tangent curves represented the experimental data well.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Confinement Effect of Sub-nanometer Difference on Melting Point of Ice-Nanotubes Measured by Photoluminescence Spectroscopy

et al. 2019

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Melting point is independent of size and shape in bulk materials, but it exhibits a size dependence when the material size is extremely small. In this study, we measured the melting point of water confined in singlewalled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with 16 different chiralities, which ranged from 0.95 to 1.26 nm in diameter, and revealed the details of the SWCNT diameter dependence on the melting points. The melting points were probed by utilizing the change of photoluminescence (PL) emission wavelength of SWCNTs, which encapsulated water, and the relation between the emission wavelength, and the water phase was confirmed by first-principles calculations. The periodicity of the melting point variation with SWCNT diameter came from the discrete change of ice-nanotube (ice-NT) diameter, and in addition, even ice-NT with an identical diameter exhibited different melting points due to the slight difference of the inner space size of the encapsulating SWCNTs. The present results agreed with those of the molecular dynamics simulation (Takaiwa, D.; et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2008, 105, 39−43). It was elucidated that the melting point of the nanomaterial changed sensitively to the atomic structure and the confinement space size.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confinement Effect of Sub-nanometer Difference on Melting Point of Ice-Nanotubes Measured by Photoluminescence Spectroscopy

et al. 2019

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“…Also, we cannot exclude the effects of water that might have been trapped inside the nanotubes during device fabrication and as a result phase transitions in the orientation of water dipoles may contribute to the observed wavelength shifts as well. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the alignment of the dipoles and the freezing temperature is diameter dependent 42,43 and occurs for suspended (9,8) nanotubes between 250-290 K. Since the high-frequency permittivity of frozen water is smaller than liquid water, the dielectric screening changes accordingly. 43,44 Hence the redshift in the upper temperature range might also be caused by melting of ice inside the carbon nanotube.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Temperature Electroluminescence Excitation Mapping of Excitons and Trions in Short-Channel Monochiral Carbon Nanotube Devices

et al. 2020

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Single-walled carbon nanotubes as emerging quantum-light sources may fill a technological gap in silicon photonics due to their potential use as near-infrared, electrically-driven, classical or nonclassical emitters. Unlike in photoluminescence, where nanotubes are excited with light, electrical excitation of single-tubes is challenging and heavily influenced by device fabrication, architecture and biasing conditions. Here we present electroluminescence spectroscopy data of ultra-short channel devices made from (9,8) carbon nanotubes emitting in the telecom band. Emissions are stable under current biasing and no quenching is observed down to 10 nm gap size. Low-temperature electroluminescence spectroscopy data also reported exhibits cold emission and linewidths down to 2 meV at 4 K. Electroluminescence excitation maps give evidence that carrier recombination is the mechanism for light generation in short channels. Excitonic and trionic emissions can be switched on and off by gate voltage and corresponding emission efficiency maps were compiled. Insights are gained into the influence of acoustic phonons on the linewidth, absence of intensity saturation and exciton-exciton annihilation, environmental effects like dielectric screening and strain on the emission wavelength, and conditions to suppress hysteresis and establish optimum operation conditions. Supporting InformationContent: Data on the high bias dependence of excitonic emission (Fig. S1), electrical biasing and power dissipation versus light emission from excitons and trions in a hole-doped (9,8)-device ( Fig. S2), impact of annealing on transconductance curve (Fig. S3), and measurements and simulations regarding the electroluminescence detection efficiency of the setup.

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“…Encapsulation of matter into single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) has become a generally accepted strategy to for SWNT modification. 1,2 Different organic, 3,4 inorganic, 5,6 and liquid 7,8 modifiers have been reported to affect the electronic structure and conductivity of SWNTs. Modifier agents provide donor/ acceptor doping of SWNTs by contact potential difference or chemical binding to the nanotube surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capsulate structure effect on SWNTs doping in Rb_xAg_1−xI@SWNT composites

et al. 2017

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Quasiphase Transition in a Single File of Water Molecules Encapsulated in (6,5) Carbon Nanotubes Observed by Temperature-Dependent Photoluminescence Spectroscopy

Cited by 56 publications

References 69 publications

Confinement Effect of Sub-nanometer Difference on Melting Point of Ice-Nanotubes Measured by Photoluminescence Spectroscopy

Confinement Effect of Sub-nanometer Difference on Melting Point of Ice-Nanotubes Measured by Photoluminescence Spectroscopy

Low-Temperature Electroluminescence Excitation Mapping of Excitons and Trions in Short-Channel Monochiral Carbon Nanotube Devices

Capsulate structure effect on SWNTs doping in Rb_xAg_1−xI@SWNT composites

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Quasiphase Transition in a Single File of Water Molecules Encapsulated in (6,5) Carbon Nanotubes Observed by Temperature-Dependent Photoluminescence Spectroscopy

Cited by 56 publications

References 69 publications

Confinement Effect of Sub-nanometer Difference on Melting Point of Ice-Nanotubes Measured by Photoluminescence Spectroscopy

Confinement Effect of Sub-nanometer Difference on Melting Point of Ice-Nanotubes Measured by Photoluminescence Spectroscopy

Low-Temperature Electroluminescence Excitation Mapping of Excitons and Trions in Short-Channel Monochiral Carbon Nanotube Devices

Capsulate structure effect on SWNTs doping in RbxAg1−xI@SWNT composites

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Capsulate structure effect on SWNTs doping in Rb_xAg_1−xI@SWNT composites