Quasi-monoenergetic high-energy neutron standards above 20 MeV

Harano, Hideki; Nolte, R.

doi:10.1088/0026-1394/48/6/s06

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…An overview on quasi-monoenergetic high-energy neutron standards .20 MeV is given by Harano and Nolte (14) . A detailed version of the work reported here has recently been published by EURADOS (13) .…”

Section: High-energy Qmn Fields: Existing Facilities and Future Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-energy quasi-monoenergetic neutron fields: existing facilities and future needs

Pomp

Bartlett²,

Mayer

et al. 2013

Radiation Protection Dosimetry

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The argument that well-characterised quasi-monoenergetic neutron (QMN) sources reaching into the energy domain >20 MeV are needed is presented. A brief overview of the existing facilities is given, and a list of key factors that an ideal QMN source for dosimetry and spectrometry should offer is presented. The authors conclude that all of the six QMN facilities currently in existence worldwide operate in sub-optimal conditions for dosimetry. The only currently available QMN facility in Europe capable of operating at energies >40 MeV, TSL in Uppsala, Sweden, is threatened with shutdown in the immediate future. One facility, NFS at GANIL, France, is currently under construction. NFS could deliver QMN beams up to about 30 MeV. It is, however, so far not clear if and when NFS will be able to offer QMN beams or operate with only so-called white neutron beams. It is likely that by 2016, QMN beams with energies >40 MeV will be available only in South Africa and Japan, with none in Europe.Neutron sources are used and neutron radiation fields are generated in various scientific research areas and applications. Examples include radiation therapy, radionuclide production, material science studies, design of electronic components and energy production. High-energy neutrons are the dominant component of the prompt radiation field present outside the shielding of high-energy accelerators and are a significant component of the cosmic radiation fields in aircraft and in spacecraft. In radiotherapy using highenergy medical accelerators, high-energy neutrons are a secondary component of the fields in the beam delivery system and in the patient's body. The energy range of neutrons in these fields extends from thermal energies to several GeV. High-energy neutron fields are gaining more attention owing to the increasing number of high-energy accelerators in research and medicine, and the special consideration given to the occupational exposure to cosmic radiation. In order to study the physics of neutron interactions in these applications, in particular concerning dosimetry, radiation protection monitoring of workplaces, and radiation effects in electronics, especially those used in aircraft and in spacecraft, well-characterised neutron fields for high energies are needed.In medical applications, using high-energy photons and ion beams for cancer treatment, one must consider the contribution of secondary neutrons to organs in the human body outside the target area (1,2) .The neutron exposure of staff has to be included in the design and operation of the facility: the contribution of fast neutrons outside of the shielding was for a long time underestimated. In the environment outside the primary beam the neutron contribution to human radiation exposure can dominate, and neutrons with energies .10-20 MeV account for up to 50 % of the ambient dose equivalent. Dosimetry for exposures to cosmic radiation in aircraft is specified in International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards, see for example ref. (3), and a compilation ...

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Section: High-energy Qmn Fields: Existing Facilities and Future Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-energy quasi-monoenergetic neutron fields: existing facilities and future needs

Pomp

Bartlett²,

Mayer

et al. 2013

Radiation Protection Dosimetry

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“…therein). Recently, neutron beam-lines with quasi mono-energetic neutrons in the energy range up to 200 MeV became available, (see [61][62][63]). …”

Section: Environmental Geological and Extra-terrestrial Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Data from AMS & Nuclear Data for AMS – some examples

Wallner

Bichler

Belgya

et al. 2012

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. We summarize some recent cross-section measurements using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). AMS represents an ultra-sensitive technique for measuring a limited, but steadily increasing number of longer-lived radionuclides. This method implies a two-step procedure with sample activation and subsequent AMS measurement. Applications include nuclear astrophysics, nuclear technology (nuclear fusion, nuclear fission and advanced reactor concepts and radiation dose estimations). A series of additional applications involves cosmogenic radionuclides in environmental, geological and extraterrestrial studies. There is a lack of information for a list of nuclides, as pointed out by nuclear data requests. An overview of some recent measurements is given and the method is illustrated for some specific neutron-induced reactions.

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“…In high-energy regions above 100 MeV, quasimonoenergetic neutron fields [1] generated using 7 Li(p,n) 7 Be (g.s. + 0.429 MeV) have been developed at 0° and 16° by iThemba [2] in energy regions of up to 200 MeV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental analysis of neutron and background gamma-ray energy spectra of 80-400 MeV ⁷Li(p,n) reactions under the quasi-monoenergetic neutron field at RCNP, Osaka University

et al. 2017

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Abstract.To develop the 100-400 MeV quasi-monoenergetic neutron field, we measured neutron and unexpected gamma-ray energy spectra of the 7 Li(p,n) reaction with 80-389 MeV protons in the 100-m time-of-flight (TOF) tunnel at the Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP) cyclotron facility. Neutron energy spectra with energies above 3 MeV were measured by the TOF method, which had been reported in our previous papers, and photon energy spectra with energies above 0.1 MeV were measured by the automatic unfolding function of the radiation dose monitor DARWIN. For neutron spectra, the contribution of peak intensity to the total intensity integrated with energies above 3 MeV varied between 0.38 and 0.48 in the proton energy range of 80-389 MeV. For gamma-ray spectra, highenergetic gamma-rays at around 70 MeV originated from the decay of π 0 were observed with proton energies higher than 200 MeV. For the 246-MeV proton incident reaction, the contribution of gamma-ray dose to neutron dose is negligible because the ratio of gamma-ray dose to neutron dose is 0.014.

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Quasi-monoenergetic high-energy neutron standards above 20 MeV

Cited by 27 publications

References 95 publications

High-energy quasi-monoenergetic neutron fields: existing facilities and future needs

High-energy quasi-monoenergetic neutron fields: existing facilities and future needs

Nuclear Data from AMS & Nuclear Data for AMS – some examples

Experimental analysis of neutron and background gamma-ray energy spectra of 80-400 MeV ⁷Li(p,n) reactions under the quasi-monoenergetic neutron field at RCNP, Osaka University

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Quasi-monoenergetic high-energy neutron standards above 20 MeV

Cited by 27 publications

References 95 publications

High-energy quasi-monoenergetic neutron fields: existing facilities and future needs

High-energy quasi-monoenergetic neutron fields: existing facilities and future needs

Nuclear Data from AMS & Nuclear Data for AMS – some examples

Experimental analysis of neutron and background gamma-ray energy spectra of 80-400 MeV 7Li(p,n) reactions under the quasi-monoenergetic neutron field at RCNP, Osaka University

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Product

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About

Experimental analysis of neutron and background gamma-ray energy spectra of 80-400 MeV ⁷Li(p,n) reactions under the quasi-monoenergetic neutron field at RCNP, Osaka University