Quasi-LD-Targeted and ONOO^–-Responsive Fluorescent Probe for Investigating the Interaction of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver with Drug-Induced Liver Injury

Abstract

Hepatic lipid droplets (LDs) and peroxynitrite (ONOO–) levels are closely related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Additionally, some drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is often associated with ONOO–. Here, we constructed and screened the quasi-LDs-targeted and ONOO–-responsive fluorescent probe MBDP-Py+ to investigate the interaction of NAFLD with DILI. By monitoring the upregulation of the ONOO– levels and the accumulation of LDs, MBDP-Py+ was more sensitive and efficient than tissue staining and serum markers detection in evaluating the early toxicity of NAFLD and diagnosing the anticancer-DILI. More importantly, the sensitive enhancement of fluorescence signals demonstrated that in different stages of NAFLD, the dominant element of liver injury was different in the NAFLD combined with DILI mice models. As the degree of NAFLD deepens, the synergistic effect of the two will lead to more serious liver damage.

Multifunctional Mitochondria-Targeting Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Viscosity, ONOO–, Mitophagy, and Bioimaging

“…However, the nanomolar concentration and the extremely short half-life (<10 ms) of ONOO – almost prevented its studying under physiological conditions. , Therefore, the development of fluorescent probes was extremely important and meaningful for detecting exogenous/endogenous ONOO – . At present, some ONOO – detection methods have been studied, such as high-performance electron spin resonance, electrochemistry, chemiluminescence, etc. , In contrast, fluorescence imaging technology provided a simple, noninvasive, convenient, and rapid method for tracking biological imaging in vivo, which greatly improved detection efficiency. − Therefore, there were many fluorescent probes mainly used for ONOO – in biological systems based on protection/deprotection strategies, including α-ketoamide, thiophosphinate ester, boronate, formamide probes, etc. − …”

A resorufin-based fluorescent probe for hydrazine detection and its application in environmental analysis and bioimaging

“…Up till now, many fluorescent dyes, including rhodamine, naphthalimide, cyanine dyes, coumarin, BODIPY and resorufin have been developed and utilized to construct probes. 44–48 Among them, resorufin has attracted much attention because of its advantages of long emission wavelength, good water solubility, and high fluorescence quantum yield. 49–55 In this study, we designed a fluorescent probe RFT by linking resorufin (fluorophore) and 2-acetyl thiophene (recognition group) via an esterification reaction for the detection of N 2 H 4 in complex environments and biological samples (Scheme 1).…”

Small-molecule fluorescent probes for bioactive species in inflammatory disease: arthritis, pneumonia and hepatitis

“…Up to now, a series of small molecule fluorescent probes are fabricated to spy the functional bioactive species in inflammatory diseases, mainly including reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), reactive sulfur species (RSS), enzymes and so on. 46–55 The development of these fluorescent probes visualizes the concentration fluctuations of disease-related active molecules, greatly promoting the understanding of signal pathways mediated by these active molecules. At the same time, they provide visual tools for the early diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases.…”