Quantum State Engineering and Precision Metrology Using State-Insensitive Light Traps

Ye, Jun; Kimble, H. J.; Katori, Hidetoshi

doi:10.1126/science.1148259

Cited by 388 publications

(387 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…We note that in a so-called magic wavelength configuration, the frequency ν is selected so that the level shifts of the upper and lower states cancel out, leading to ac-Stark free transition frequencies [36].…”

Section: Ac-stark Shift and Broadeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision measurements and test of molecular theory in highly excited vibrational states of H2 (v = 11)

et al. 2016

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Accurate EF 1 Σ + g − X 1 Σ + g transition energies in molecular hydrogen were determined for transitions originating from levels with highly-excited vibrational quantum number, v = 11, in the ground electronic state. Doppler-free two-photon spectroscopy was applied on vibrationally excited H * 2 , produced via the photodissociation of H 2 S, yielding transition frequencies with accuracies of 45 MHz or 0.0015 cm −1 . An important improvement is the enhanced detection efficiency by resonant excitation to autoionizing 7pπ electronic Rydberg states, resulting in narrow transitions due to reduced ac-Stark effects. Using known EF level energies, the level energies of X(v = 11, J = 1, 3 − 5) states are derived with accuracies of typically 0.002 cm −1 . These experimental values are in excellent agreement with, and are more accurate than the results obtained from the most advanced ab initio molecular theory calculations including relativistic and QED contributions.

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Section: Ac-stark Shift and Broadeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision measurements and test of molecular theory in highly excited vibrational states of H2 (v = 11)

et al. 2016

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“…A mismatch leads to unwanted excitation of higher lattice vibrational levels or bands and hence to loss of state control. The lattice thus has to be operated at the magic wavelength condition 27 , that is, at a wavelength that gives equal light shifts for the initial and the final molecular states. Our experiment in fact shows, as discussed above, that hardly any population is transferred to higher lattice bands.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An ultracold high-density sample of rovibronic ground-state molecules in an optical lattice

et al. 2010

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Control over all internal and external degrees of freedom of molecules at the level of single quantum states will enable a series of fundamental studies in physics and chemistry 1,2 . In particular, samples of ground-state molecules at ultralow temperatures and high number densities will facilitate new quantum-gas studies 3 and future applications in quantum information science 4 . However, high phase-space densities for molecular samples are not readily attainable because efficient cooling techniques such as laser cooling are lacking. Here we produce an ultracold and dense sample of molecules in a single hyperfine level of the rovibronic ground state with each molecule individually trapped in the motional ground state of an optical lattice well. Starting from a zero-temperature atomic Mott-insulator state 5 with optimized double-site occupancy 6 , weakly bound dimer molecules are efficiently associated on a Feshbach resonance 7 and subsequently transferred to the rovibronic ground state by a stimulated four-photon process with >50% efficiency. The molecules are trapped in the lattice and have a lifetime of 8 s. Our results present a crucial step towards Bose-Einstein condensation of groundstate molecules and, when suitably generalized to polar heteronuclear molecules, the realization of dipolar quantumgas phases in optical lattices [8][9][10] .Recent years have seen spectacular advances in the field of atomic quantum gases. Ultracold atomic samples have been loaded into optical lattice potentials, enabling the realization of strongly correlated many-body systems and the direct observation of quantum phase transitions with full control over the entire parameter space 5 . Molecules with their higher level of complexity are expected to have a crucial role in future-generation quantumgas studies. For example, the long-range dipole-dipole force between polar molecules gives rise to nearest-neighbour and next-nearest-neighbour interaction terms in the extended BoseHubbard Hamiltonian and should thus lead to unusual many-body states in optical lattices in the form of striped, checkerboard and supersolid phases [8][9][10] .An important prerequisite for all proposed molecular quantumgas experiments is the capability to fully control all internal and external quantum degrees of freedom of the molecules. For radiative and collisional stability, the molecules need to be prepared in their rovibronic ground state, that is, the lowest vibrational and rotational level of the lowest electronic state, and preferably in its energetically lowest hyperfine sublevel. As a starting point for the realization of new quantum phases, the molecular ensemble should be in the ground state of the many-body system. Such state control is possible only at ultralow temperatures and sufficiently high particle densities. Although versatile non-optical cooling and slowing techniques have recently been developed for molecular ensembles 11 and photo-association experiments with atoms in magneto-optical traps have reached the rovibrational ground sta...

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“…A deep optical lattice potential could potentially lead to a large AC Stark shift caused by the trapping confinement, leading to both a shift in the transition frequency as well as a broadening of the lineshape because of the in-homogeneous trapping potential. However, for Sr, as well as a number of the other alkalineearth elements, it has been shown that the lattice wavelength can be tuned to the so-called 'magic wavelength' (see the review by Ye et al [34]), where the shift of the ground and excited states are identical. This cancels the differential light shift, and also gets rid of light shift-induced line broadening.…”

Section: Optical Frequency Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultracold atoms and precise time standards

Campbell

Phillips

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Experimental techniques of laser cooling and trapping, along with other cooling techniques, have produced gaseous samples of atoms so cold that they are, for many practical purposes, in the quantum ground state of their centre-of-mass motion. Such low velocities have virtually eliminated effects such as Doppler shifts, relativistic time dilation and observation-time broadening that previously limited the performance of atomic frequency standards. Today, the best laser-cooled, caesium atomic fountain, microwave frequency standards realize the International System of Units (SI) definition of the second to a relative accuracy of ≈3 × 10 −16 . Optical frequency standards, which do not realize the SI second, have even better performance: cold neutral atoms trapped in optical lattices now yield relative systematic uncertainties of ≈1 × 10 −16 , whereas cold-trapped ions have systematic uncertainties of 9 × 10 −18 . We will discuss the current limitations in the performance of neutral atom atomic frequency standards and prospects for the future.

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Quantum State Engineering and Precision Metrology Using State-Insensitive Light Traps

Cited by 388 publications

References 61 publications

Precision measurements and test of molecular theory in highly excited vibrational states of H2 (v = 11)

Precision measurements and test of molecular theory in highly excited vibrational states of H2 (v = 11)

An ultracold high-density sample of rovibronic ground-state molecules in an optical lattice

Ultracold atoms and precise time standards

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