Quantum Spatial Modulation of Optical Channels: Quantum Boosting in Spectral Efficiency

Gülbahar, Burhan; Memişoğlu, Görkem

doi:10.1109/lcomm.2019.2932671

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…QPE as an entanglement resource promises future applications for computing [8,9], communications [10], and varying quantum technologies while enriching the conventional resources of quantum entanglement based on correlations among multiple spatial quantum units. In addition, MPD-based formulation of QPE and QPI allows future studies emphasizing the importance of time in QM fundamentals such as regarding entanglement in time [7,38,39], quantum cosmology, and gravity [40][41][42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Free-particle evolution kernel for the optical propagation paths between time-position values (t j , x j ) and (t j+1 , x j+1 ) is defined as follows [9,10] with the same form for electron propagation [2,8]:…”

Section: Mpd Setup For Quantum Temporal Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These varying methods include Feynman's path integral (FPI) formalism [2] as the most fundamental of all inherently including histories, consistent histories approach defined by Griffiths [3][4][5], and the recently formulated entangled histories framework [1] and two-state vector formalism [6,7] while all emphasizing correlations in time as standard quantum mechanical (QM) formalisms without violating Copenhagen interpretations. Multiplane diffraction (MPD) design as a simple linear optical system was recently proposed for quantum computing (QC) [8,9] and for modulator design in classical optical communications [10] by exploiting the tensor product structure of quantum temporal correlations as quantum resources while utilizing only the classical light sources and conventional photon-counting intensity detection. The MPD architecture generates interference of an exponentially increasing number of propagation trajectories along the diffraction events through multiple slits on the consecutive planes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this article, we follow similar terminology and denote the temporal correlation among the quantum propagation paths unique to the MPD design with QPE, i.e., emphasizing the entanglement among the path histories similar to References [1,11]. Tensor product structure among the temporal correlations of multiple time instants is utilized as a novel resource for computing in References [8,9] and for communications in Reference [10] in an analogical manner to the multiparticle spatial correlations of the conventional quantum entanglement resources. MPD provides a simple system design inherently including such states having correlations among the paths denoted with QPE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theory of Quantum Path Entanglement and Interference with Multiplane Diffraction of Classical Light Sources

Gülbahar

2020

Entropy

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Quantum history states were recently formulated by extending the consistent histories approach of Griffiths to the entangled superposition of evolution paths and were then experimented with Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger states. Tensor product structure of history-dependent correlations was also recently exploited as a quantum computing resource in simple linear optical setups performing multiplane diffraction (MPD) of fermionic and bosonic particles with remarkable promises. This significantly motivates the definition of quantum histories of MPD as entanglement resources with the inherent capability of generating an exponentially increasing number of Feynman paths through diffraction planes in a scalable manner and experimental low complexity combining the utilization of coherent light sources and photon-counting detection. In this article, quantum temporal correlation and interference among MPD paths are denoted with quantum path entanglement (QPE) and interference (QPI), respectively, as novel quantum resources. Operator theory modeling of QPE and counterintuitive properties of QPI are presented by combining history-based formulations with Feynman’s path integral approach. Leggett–Garg inequality as temporal analog of Bell’s inequality is violated for MPD with all signaling constraints in the ambiguous form recently formulated by Emary. The proposed theory for MPD-based histories is highly promising for exploiting QPE and QPI as important resources for quantum computation and communications in future architectures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mpd Setup For Quantum Temporal Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theory of Quantum Path Entanglement and Interference with Multiplane Diffraction of Classical Light Sources

Gülbahar

2020

Entropy

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“…quantum spatial modulation in [17] by emphasizing improvement in the symbol family size and spectral efficiency as a method to improve spatial modulation for optical channels [18]- [21]. MPD is further extended to radio frequency (RF) channels by showing the promising capabilities of MPD in also RF communications [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory and Experiment of Spatial Light Modulation and Demodulation With Multi-Plane Diffraction and Applications

Gülbahar

Oksuz

2023

IEEE Access

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Spatial light modulation enhances capacity of optical communications by modulating spatial amplitude, phase and polarization degrees of freedom with recent success of orbital angular momentum based architectures. There is a hardware challenge to demodulate large symbol families or high order symbols requiring a general design of spatial light demodulation. Multi-plane diffraction (MPD) recently introduced for improving spatial modulation capabilities in free space optical channels promises utilization at the receiver side as a demodulator. In this article, we theoretically model, numerically simulate and experimentally implement spatial light demodulation based on MPD. Numerical simulations and experimental implementations verify capabilities of MPD for increasing inter-symbol distances at the detector front-end. We obtain approximately two times improvement compared with direct detection for basic design including three diffraction planes as a proof-of-concept and improved performance with increasing number of diffraction planes compared with state-of-the-art single-plane diffraction (SPD) based interferometric receivers. Besides that, we perform, for the first time, experimental implementation of MPD based spatial light modulation. In addition, symmetric-key cryptography application of the proposed system is theoretically presented with low decoder complexity while numerical simulations promise high performance security against intruders. MPD based design is practically applicable and promising for diverse optical architectures including both communications and cryptography as a low-cost, low hardware complexity, passive and high performance design.

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Future Research Scopes

Bhowal

Kshetrimayum

2020

Advanced Spatial Modulation Systems

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Quantum Spatial Modulation of Optical Channels: Quantum Boosting in Spectral Efficiency

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Theory of Quantum Path Entanglement and Interference with Multiplane Diffraction of Classical Light Sources

Theory of Quantum Path Entanglement and Interference with Multiplane Diffraction of Classical Light Sources

Theory and Experiment of Spatial Light Modulation and Demodulation With Multi-Plane Diffraction and Applications

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