Quantum Nonlinear Optics with a Germanium-Vacancy Color Center in a Nanoscale Diamond Waveguide

Bhaskar, Mihir K.; Sukachev, Denis D.; Sipahigil, Alp; Evans, Ruffin E.; Burek, Michael J.; Nguyen, Christian T.; Rogers, Lachlan J.; Siyushev, Petr; Metsch, Mathias H.; Park, Hongkun; Jelezko, Fedor; Lončar, Marko; Lukin, Mikhail D.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.118.223603

Cited by 256 publications

(264 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Towards this goal, parallel efforts in the field of diamond nanofabrication and nanophotonics, have demonstrated on-chip low loss (~ db/cm) diamond waveguides and a wide range of high quality (Q) factor optical cavities [12,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Recently, angled-etching nanofabrication [27][28][29][30] has emerged as a scalable method for realizing nanophotonic devices from bulk single-crystal diamond substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As diamond nanophotonics continues to enable advances in other disciplines (including non-linear optics [34,35] and optomechanics [36,37]), the demand for scalable technology necessitates moving beyond isolated devices, to fully integrated on-chip nanophotonic networks in which waveguides route photons between optical cavities [38]. Moreover, for applications involving single photons, such as quantum nonlinear optics with diamond color centers [12,22], efficient off-chip optical coupling schemes are necessary to provide seamless transition of on-chip photons into commercial single mode optical fibers [39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fiber-Coupled Diamond Quantum Nanophotonic Interface

et al. 2017

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-Color centers in diamond provide a promising platform for quantum optics in the solid state, with coherent optical transitions and long-lived electron and nuclear spins. Building upon recent demonstrations of nanophotonic waveguides and optical cavities in single-crystal diamond, we now demonstrate on-chip diamond nanophotonics with a high efficiency fiber-optical interface, achieving > 90% power coupling at visible wavelengths. We use this approach to demonstrate a bright source of narrowband single photons, based on a silicon-vacancy color center embedded within a waveguide-coupled diamond photonic crystal cavity. Our fiber-coupled diamond quantum nanophotonic interface results in a high flux (~ 38 kHz) of coherent single photons (near Fourier-limited at < 1 GHz bandwidth), into a single mode fiber, enabling new possibilities for realizing quantum networks that interface multiple emitters, both onchip and separated by long distances.3

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber-Coupled Diamond Quantum Nanophotonic Interface

et al. 2017

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“…68, as a first tangible step in this direction. Similarly, efficient coupling of germanium vacancy in diamond waveguides has been achieved, demonstrating non-linear properties at the single photon 9 . The first 1D nano-beam was fabricated in diamond using FIB 61 .…”

Section: Phc Cavitiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Furthermore, nanofabrication has led to photonic components in diamond, such as waveguides, photonic crystals (PHC) and optical nanoresonators, to advance light manipulation, propagation and confinement [8][9][10] , while their combination with mechanical modes can advance cavity optomechanics 11,12 . Another important feature in diamond is the harboring of isolated atomic color centers that can be used as fluorescent and spin probes for single molecule detection and imaging as well as for fundamental investigation into quantum science.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in diamond nanofabrication for ultrasensitive devices

Castelletto

Rosa

Blackledge³

et al. 2017

Microsyst Nanoeng

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This paper reviews some of the major recent advances in single-crystal diamond nanofabrication and its impact in nano-and micromechanical, nanophotonics and optomechanical components. These constituents of integrated devices incorporating specific dopants in the material provide the capacity to enhance the sensitivity in detecting mass and forces as well as magnetic field down to quantum mechanical limits and will lead pioneering innovations in ultrasensitive sensing and precision measurements in the realm of the medical sciences, quantum sciences and related technologies. INTRODUCTIONDiamond is an ideal platform for nano-and microfabrication leading to a range of robust sensors. This is due to the outstanding mechanical and wide spectral optical transparency of diamond, combined with biocompatibility and lack of toxicity in both bulk and nanostructures. Moreover, diamond can be fabricated with high purity and control using chemical vapor deposition. However, due to its hardness and cost, some of its applications in nanomechanics, optomechanics and nanophotonics reside mainly in its polycrystalline or nanocrystalline forms, which do not always retain the nuance of the outstanding properties of monocrystalline diamond.A recent review 1 describes diamond optical and mechanical properties compared to other materials currently used for optomechanical components (Si, Si 3 N 4 , SiC, and α-Al 2 O 3 ), showing that, in principle, there are more favorable properties of diamond for nanomechanical and optomechanical realizations. Therefore, a considerable effort has been taking place over the last five years to exploit these properties in a wide spectrum of diamond nanosystems. To date, single crystal diamond utilization for nanomechanical components 2 , (for example, nano electromechanical systems (NEMS) and micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)), as well for nanophotonics 3,4 compared to above mentioned materials, has been limited due to its growth requirements. In fact, a single crystal diamond cannot be grown on any other substrate than itself. This prevents wafer-scale processing and it represents a challenge in the application of conventional diamond nanofabrication methods. On the other hand, polycrystalline diamond films, which can be grown in high quality from 4 to 6 inches' wafers 5 , permit to fabricate optomechanical components with quality factors and oscillation frequencies rivaling single crystal diamond 6 .

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“…Deterministic placement of emitters is crucial to the integration of colour centers in diamond with quantum optical networks. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] Recently, we demonstrated a top-down nanofabrication technique for precise on-chip positioning of plasmonic waveguide components with respect to single-photon emitters. 41 Using this technique we are able of determining the in-plane NV position within ~30 nm, which provides the required length scale for accurate placement of an NV emitter inside a single-mode cavity resonator operating in the visible spectral range.…”

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confidence: 99%

Chip-integrated plasmonic cavity-enhanced single nitrogen-vacancy center emission

2017

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High temporal stability and spin dynamics of individual nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond crystals make them one of the most promising quantum emitters operating at room temperature. We demonstrate a chip-integrated cavity-coupled emission into propagating surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modes narrowing NV center's broad emission bandwidth with enhanced coupling efficiency. The cavity resonator consists of two distributed Bragg mirrors that are built at opposite sides of the coupled NV emitter and are integrated with a dielectric-loaded SPP waveguide (DLSPPW), using electron-beam lithography of hydrogen silsesquioxane resist deposited on silver-coated silicon substrates. A quality factor of ~ 70 for the cavity (full width at half maximum ~ 10 nm) with full tunability of the resonance wavelength is demonstrated. An up to 42-fold decay rate enhancement of the spontaneous emission at the cavity resonance is achieved, indicating high DLSPPW mode confinement.Chip-scale, bright and photostable single-photon sources are critical components for quantum cryptography and quantum information processing. 1, 2 Colour centers in diamond are very promising candidates among different emitters that have been considered for quantum optical applications. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The most prominent emitter in diamond is the nitrogen vacancy (NV) center, in which the negatively charged state forms a spin triplet in the orbital ground state, and allows for optical initialization and readout at room temperature. 11 In addition, NV center is a stable single-photon source at room temperature. However, the resonant optical emission of an NV center at a wavelength of 637 nm (zero-phonon line, ZPL) is weak, being less than 4% of total emission even at cryogenic temperatures. The resonant emission is accompanied by a broad phonon sideband ranging from ~ 600 nm up to 800 nm at room temperature. For some quantum optical applications only the photons emitted in the ZPL are useful. [12][13][14][15] To enhance and channel the emission into a narrow band, the environment of an emitter can be engineered. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Regarding the emission enhancement at the ZPL, photonic and plasmonic cavities have been employed. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Photonic cavities are diffraction limited, and high quality factors (Q) of the cavity required to reach high Purcell effects ultimately limit the rate of emission. 23,25 Plasmonic cavities, on the other hand, feature only moderate Q due to absorption losses, but small volumes can be achieved. 23,25 Plasmonic cavities can be used for channelling the emission into a waveguide as well, as has been demonstrated with an NV center coupled to a plasmonic cavity fabricated around a chemically grown silver nanowire. 30 It is however tedious and time consuming to build a circuitry using chemically grown silver nanowires. 31 In this work, we demonstrate a compact plasmonic configuration based on a broadband NV quantum emitter resulting in a narrow-band single-photon source with colours...

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Quantum Nonlinear Optics with a Germanium-Vacancy Color Center in a Nanoscale Diamond Waveguide

Cited by 256 publications

References 36 publications

Fiber-Coupled Diamond Quantum Nanophotonic Interface

Fiber-Coupled Diamond Quantum Nanophotonic Interface

Advances in diamond nanofabrication for ultrasensitive devices

Chip-integrated plasmonic cavity-enhanced single nitrogen-vacancy center emission

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