Quantum logic inspired techniques for spacetime-symmetry tests with (anti-)protons

Abstract

Cosmological observations as well as theoretical approaches to physics beyond the standard model provide strong motivations for experimental tests of fundamental symmetries, such as CPT invariance. In this context, the availability of cold baryonic antimatter at CERN has opened an avenue for ultrahigh-precision comparisons of protons and antiprotons in Penning traps. This work discusses an experimental method inspired by quantum logic techniques that will improve particle localization and readout speed in such experiments. The method allows for sympathetic cooling of the (anti-)proton to its quantum-mechanical ground state as well as the readout of its spin alignment, replacing the commonly used continuous Stern–Gerlach effect. Both of these features are achieved through coupling to a laser-cooled ‘logic’ ion co-trapped in a double-well potential. This technique will boost the measurement sampling rate and will thus provide results with lower statistical uncertainty, contributing to stringent searches for time dependent variations in the data. Such measurements ultimately yield extremely high sensitivities to CPT violating coefficients acting on baryons in the standard-model extension, will allow the exploration of previously unmeasured types of symmetry violations, and will enable antimatter-based axion-like dark matter searches with improved mass resolution.

Formation of two-ion crystals by injection from a Paul-trap source into a high-magnetic-field Penning trap

“…The values of the FWHM from the projections in the radial directions of the images of the two ions in Fig. 6 are FWHM = 2.40 (14) μm and FWHM ax = 2.09( 16) μm for ion 1, and FWHM = 2.36 (16) μm and FWHM ax = 2.01 (17) μm for ion 2. For this measurement, V ax = 25 mV pp .…”

“…However, in most cases, the cooling of the charged particle under study relies on the Coulomb interaction between the particle and an auxiliary ion that can be laser cooled [9]. The ion (sensor) and the charged particle to be studied may be stored in physically separated Penning traps [10][11][12][13], in different potential wells [14], or in the same one [8,15]. The sensor shall provide the information of the system as the target is blind to laser radiation.…”

Formation of Two-Ion Crystals by Injection from a Paul-Trap Source into a High-Magnetic-Field Penning Trap

“…The values of the FWHM from the projections in the radial directions of the images of the two ions in Fig. 6 are FWHM = 2.40 (14) µm and FWHM ax = 2.09( 16) µm for ion 1, and FWHM = 2.36 (16) µm and FWHM ax = 2.01 (17) µm for ion 2. For this measurement V ax = 25 mV pp .…”

139 GHz UV phase-locked Raman laser system for thermometry and sideband cooling of 9Be+ ions in a Penning trap

“…[11][12][13] or aiming to cool the particle to the quantum mechanical ground state of motion [14]. Moreover, new quantum logic schemes for ground state cooled particles in Penning traps have been proposed in order to perform faster measurements with higher fidelities and statistics [15,16].…”