Quantum frequency conversion

Kumar, Prem

doi:10.1364/ol.15.001476

Cited by 336 publications

(273 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It is thus able to transfer the full quantum properties of the input state (described by the annihilation operatorâ 1 ) to a state with higher optical frequency (described by the annihilation operatorâ 2 ). For faint input states such as squeezed vacuum states the intense pump field (â P ) is not depleted and the Hamilton operator of this process is approximately given by [22,23] …”

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confidence: 99%

“…Its absolute value is proportional to the mean pump amplitude hâ P i and the second-order susceptibility χ ð2Þ of the crystal, and ϕ describes the phase difference between the input field and the pump field. The evolution ofâ j obtained from Heisenberg's equation of motion [22,23], a 1 ðtÞ ¼â 1 ð0Þ cos ðjζjtÞ −â 2 ð0Þ ζ Ã jζj sin ðjζjtÞ; a 2 ðtÞ ¼â 2 ð0Þ cos ðjζjtÞ þâ 1 ð0Þ ζ jζj sin ðjζjtÞ;…”

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Quantum Up-Conversion of Squeezed Vacuum States from 1550 to 532 nm

et al. 2014

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Squeezed vacuum states constitute a particularly useful resource in quantum information as well as in quantum metrology. The frequency conversion of these states is important to provide the bridge between different wavelengths within a sequence of downstream applications and also to provide a way for squeezed-state generation at so-far inaccessible wavelengths. Here we demonstrate the external quantum up-conversion of carrier-light-free squeezed vacuum states for the first time. Our result proves that nondegenerate sum-frequency generation preserves the coherences that are present between photon pairs and higher-order photon pairs of the squeezed input state. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.073602 PACS numbers: 42.50.Dv, 03.67.-a, 07.60.Ly, 42.65.-k Frequency conversion constitutes a standard process for light fields in coherent states and mixtures thereof. Via frequency conversion, laser radiation can be shifted to wavelength regimes that are not directly accessible via state-of-the-art laser media. In particular, frequency upconversion is of high interest to increase the resolution in imaging and lithography [1] and to increase the sensitivity in phase measurements [2]. For light in nonclassical states, the task of frequency conversion is much more challenging. First, nonlinear processes are the more efficient the higher the light intensities, but the most practical and useful nonclassical states are extremely faint, for instance Fock states, squeezed vacuum states and superpositions of (dim) coherent states. Second, in order to preserve the distinct nonclassical properties of the input states high conversion efficiencies of ideally close to unity are mandatory.Optical fields in squeezed vacuum states consist of pairs and higher-order pairs of photons. The coherences between them give rise to a squeezed photon counting noise in a balanced homodyne detector. These states have been used for the realization of teleportation [3,4], superpositions of coherent states (Schrödinger kitten states) [5,6], and quantum key distribution [7,8], as well as quantum enhancements of spectroscopy [9], imaging [10,11], and weak-force measurements such as those performed in gravitationalwave detectors [12][13][14][15]. The absence of any bright carrier field makes squeezed vacuum states ideal for quantum communication and metrology since photon-phonon scattering from the carrier field (Brillouin scattering) easily spoils the squeezed vacuum states in the audio-and radiofrequency sideband [16,17].With their pioneering work in 1992, Huang and Kumar demonstrated quantum frequency conversion of a bright beam maintaining its nonclassical intensity correlation with another bright beam via second-harmonic generation (SHG) [18]. SHG, however, cannot be used for faint nonclassical states. In 2004, frequency up-conversion of single photons was achieved via nondegenerate sumfrequency generation [19] and used to increase the detection efficiency in quantum key distribution [20]. In [21] the nonclassical correlation between an up-converted p...

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Quantum Up-Conversion of Squeezed Vacuum States from 1550 to 532 nm

et al. 2014

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“…It shows that it is indeed possible to do state preparation for QKD in an entirely passive way using coherent states, even for BB84 signals in combination with decoy levels. Our method employs sum-frequency generation (SFG) [43][44][45][46] together with linear optical components and classical photodetectors. SFG has already exhibited its usefulness in quantum information [47][48][49][50][51][52] and device-independent QKD [53] at the single-photon level.…”

Section: Either a Linear (H [Horizontal] Or V [Vertical]) Or A Circulmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our starting point are the input states to one of the two SFG processes used in the passive transmitter illustrated in Figure 1 [45]. The parameter χ is a coupling constant that is proportional to the second-order susceptibility χ (2) of the nonlinear material, and H.c. denotes a Hermitian conjugate.…”

Section: A Sum-frequency Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive Decoy State Quantum Key Distribution with Coherent Light

Curty

et al. 2010

Optical Fiber Communication Conference

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Signal state preparation in quantum key distribution schemes can be realized using either an active or a passive source. Passive sources might be valuable in some scenarios; for instance, in those experimental setups operating at high transmission rates, since no externally driven element is required. Typical passive transmitters involve parametric down-conversion. More recently, it has been shown that phase-randomized coherent pulses also allow passive generation of decoy states and Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) polarization signals, though the combination of both setups in a single passive source is cumbersome. In this paper, we present a complete passive transmitter that prepares decoy-state BB84 signals using coherent light. Our method employs sum-frequency generation together with linear optical components and classical photodetectors. In the asymptotic limit of an infinite long experiment, the resulting secret key rate (per pulse) is comparable to the one delivered by an active decoy-state BB84 setup with an infinite number of decoy settings.

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“…Furthermore, standard telecommunication fiber does not preserve the polarization state of the light propagating through it. These obstacles to long-distance distribution of polarizationentangled photons to the Rb-atom memories are accounted for, within the MIT/NU architecture, by quantum-state frequency conversion [6] and time-division-multiplexed (TDM) polarization restoration (cf. [7]), as shown in Figs Once Alice and Bob have entangled the atoms within their respective memories by absorbing an entangled pair of photons, the rest of the qubit teleportation protocol is accomplished as follows.…”

Section: Mit/nu Qubit Teleportation Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Information Technology: Entanglement, Teleportation, and Memory

Shapiro¹

2005

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Public Reporting Burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comment regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggesstions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 The abstract is below since many authors do not follow the 200 V. Giovannetti, S. Lloyd, L. Maccone, and F.N.C. Wong, "Clock synchronization with dispersion cancellation," Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 117902 (2001).V. Giovannetti, L. Maccone, J.H. Shapiro, and F.N.C. Wong, "Generating entangled two-photon states with coincident frequencies," Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 183602 (2002).C.E. Kuklewicz, E. Keskiner, F.N.C. Wong, and J.H. Shapiro, "A high-flux entanglement source based on a doubly-resonant optical parametric amplifier," J. Opt. B: Quantum and Semiclass. Opt. 4, S162-S168 ( J. E. Sharping, M. Fiorentino, and P. Kumar, "Observations of twin-beams type quantum correlation in optical fiber," Opt. Lett. 26, 367-369 (2001 X. Li, P. L. Voss, J. E. Sharping, and P. Kumar, "Optical-fiber source of polarization-entangled photons in the 1550 nm telecom band," Physical Review Letters 94, 053601 (2005).X. Li, P. L. Voss, J. Chen, K. F. Lee, and P. Kumar, "Measurement of co-and cross-polarized Raman spectra in silica fiber for small detunings," Optics Express, 13, 2236-2244 (2005).X. Li, P. L. Voss, J. Chen, J. E. Sharping, and P. Kumar, "Storage and long-distance distribution of telecommunications-band polarization entanglement generated in an optical fiber," Optics Letters, Vol. 30, No. 10, 2005, pp. 1201-1203 V. Giovannetti, S. Guha, S. Lloyd, L. Maccone, J. H. Shapiro, and H. P. Yuen, "Classical Capacity of the lossy bosonic channel: the exact solution '', Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 027902 (2004).S. Lloyd, V. Giovannetti, and L. Maccone, "Physical limits to communication '', Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 100501 (2004). M. Raginsky, "Almost any quantum spin system with short-range interactions can support toric codes," Phys. Lett. A 294, 153-157 (2002).

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Quantum frequency conversion

Abstract: An experimental scheme is proposed by which the quantum states of two light beams of different frequencies can be interchanged. With this scheme it is possible to generate frequency-tunable squeezed light for spectroscopic applications.

Cited by 336 publications

References 7 publications

Quantum Up-Conversion of Squeezed Vacuum States from 1550 to 532 nm

Quantum Up-Conversion of Squeezed Vacuum States from 1550 to 532 nm

Passive Decoy State Quantum Key Distribution with Coherent Light

Quantum Information Technology: Entanglement, Teleportation, and Memory

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