Quantum dots on electrodes—new tools for bioelectroanalysis

Abstract

The review covers recent developments in which quantum dots (QDs) are combined with electrodes for detection of analytes. Special focus will be on the generation of photocurrents and the possibility of spatially resolved, light-directed analysis. Different modes for combining biochemical reactions with QDs will be discussed. Other applications involve the use of QDs as labels in binding analysis. Different methods have been developed for read-out. In addition to photocurrent analysis, voltammetric detection of metals and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) can be used. In the latter, light is the sensor signal. ECL-based systems combine the advantage of very sensitive analytical detection with rather simple instrumentation.

Electrochemistry of Metal Nanoparticles and Quantum Dots

“…able to be deposited on inert electrodes displaying voltammetric and amperometric sensing with enhanced sensitivity and selectivity with respect to the unmodified electrodes. Similar strategies are being developed in the case of quantum dots, accompanied by functionalization and doping [115], with applications in biochemical [116], and biomedical [117] analysis.…”

Development of a photoelectrochemical sensor for detection of TBHQ antioxidant based on LiTCNE-TiO2 composite under visible LED light

“…Thus, sensors based on various signal transduction principles have been used for the determination of antioxidants including electrochemical [6][7][8][9], colorimetric [13], optical [14], and photoelectrochemical [15].…”

“…The photoelectrochemical sensors have opened new perspectives in sensor area since they can operate with low noise and background current due to the separation between the excitation light source and the photocurrent detector [15,16]. Pioneering works in the development of photoelectrochemical sensors have opened new perspectives in application of novel materials with excellent photoelectrochemical properties including the promising quantum dots [17][18][19] and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) [20][21].…”

Towards a blocking-free electrochemical immunosensing strategy for anti-transglutaminase antibodies using screen-printed electrodes

“…For these reasons, the development of simple electroactive labels, especially based on nanomaterials, is a constant concern. Quantum dots (QDs), semiconductor metallic nanoparticles, are being widely used as biosensing labels due to their optical and electrochemical properties [16,17]. The possibility to synthesize QDs with different metal compositions or sizes offers great versatility for biosensing applications [18].…”