“…They have proposed hierarchical layout methods which combines fundamental QCA devices into more complex devices. After that, several efforts has been presented with target to improve the design of 2:1 QCA multiplexer architectures [1], [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], [23], 4:1 QCA multiplexer architectures [1,12,14,15,18,20,21,24,25,29,30], and 8:1 QCA multiplexer architectures [1,15,18,21,29] in terms of number of cells and delay in the QCA technology.…”