Quantitative studies on the 2010 mass coral bleaching event in Thai waters

Sutthacheep, Makamas; Saenghaisuk, Chaipichit; Pengsakun, Sittiporn; Donsomjit, Watcharachai; Yeemin, Thamasak

doi:10.3755/galaxea.15.379

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…As this study aims to evaluate vulnerability to warming in shallow-water marine organisms, we focused on their stress responses to an increase in temperature within a range recorded in their natural settings encompassing the future warming scenarios. The testing temperatures were chosen based on past SST (27.45 ± 0.02 • C to 32.00 ± 0.02 • C, Figure 1B), records of temperature profiles of the sampling sites (28.84-30.25 • C in shallow water coral reefs and 26.96-36.70 • C in tidal flat areas at the respective sampling periods, Supplementary Table 1), our previous investigations (Rasmusson et al, 2020(Rasmusson et al, , 2021unpublished data) and other studies from the tropical shallow waters (Sutthacheep et al, 2013a;Pedersen et al, 2016;George et al, 2018;Kong et al, 2019). Extreme temperatures, exceeding 40 • C, have been reported in tropical seagrass meadows Pedersen et al, 2016;George et al, 2018) whereas the highest temperature reported in shallow water coral reefs in Thailand was 32.7 • C (Sutthacheep et al, 2013a).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…The testing temperatures were chosen based on past SST (27.45 ± 0.02 • C to 32.00 ± 0.02 • C, Figure 1B), records of temperature profiles of the sampling sites (28.84-30.25 • C in shallow water coral reefs and 26.96-36.70 • C in tidal flat areas at the respective sampling periods, Supplementary Table 1), our previous investigations (Rasmusson et al, 2020(Rasmusson et al, , 2021unpublished data) and other studies from the tropical shallow waters (Sutthacheep et al, 2013a;Pedersen et al, 2016;George et al, 2018;Kong et al, 2019). Extreme temperatures, exceeding 40 • C, have been reported in tropical seagrass meadows Pedersen et al, 2016;George et al, 2018) whereas the highest temperature reported in shallow water coral reefs in Thailand was 32.7 • C (Sutthacheep et al, 2013a). As corals are exposed to smaller thermal variations in situ compared to seagrasses and macroalgae (Supplementary Table 1), narrower range of temperature with smaller increment was thus adopted for coral experimental design.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 61%

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Experimental Assessment of Vulnerability to Warming in Tropical Shallow-Water Marine Organisms

et al. 2021

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Tropical shallow-water habitats represent the marine environments with the greatest biodiversity; however, these habitats are the most vulnerable to climate warming. Corals, seagrasses, and macroalgae play a crucial role in the structure, functions, and processes of the coastal ecosystems. Understanding their growth and physiological responses to elevated temperature and interspecific sensitivity is a necessary step to predict the fate of future coastal community. Six species representatives, including Pocillopora acuta, Porites lutea, Halophila ovalis, Thalassia hemprichii, Padina boryana, and Ulva intestinalis, collected from Phuket, Thailand, were subjected to stress manipulation for 5 days. Corals were tested at 27, 29.5, 32, and 34.5°C, while seagrasses and macroalgae were tested at 27, 32, 37, and 42°C. After the stress period, the species were allowed to recover for 5 days at 27°C for corals and 32°C for seagrasses and macroalgae. Non-destructive evaluation of photosynthetic parameters (Fv/Fm, Fv/F0, ϕPSII and rapid light curves) was carried out on days 0, 3, 5, 6, 8, and 10. Chlorophyll contents and growth rates were quantified at the end of stress, and recovery periods. An integrated biomarker response (IBR) approach was adopted to integrate the candidate responses (Fv/Fm, chlorophyll content, and growth rate) and quantify the overall temperature effects. Elevated temperatures were found to affect photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, and growth rates of all species. Lethal effects were detected at 34.5°C in corals, whereas adverse but recoverable effects were detected at 32°C. Seagrasses and macroalgae displayed a rapid decline in photosynthesis and lethal effects at 42°C. In some species, sublethal stress manifested as slower growth and lower chlorophyll content at 37°C, while photosynthesis remained unaffected. Among all, T. hemprichii displayed the highest thermotolerance. IBR provided evidence that elevated temperature affected the overall performance of all tested species, depending on temperature level. Our findings show a sensitivity that differs among important groups of tropical marine organisms inhabiting the same shallow-water environments and highlights the importance of integrating biomarkers across biological levels to assess their vulnerability to climate warming.

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Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 61%

Experimental Assessment of Vulnerability to Warming in Tropical Shallow-Water Marine Organisms

et al. 2021

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“…Losin Pinnacle has a much higher species diversity, over 75 species, compared to other Thai reefs; 47 species were recorded from twelve sites in the Andaman Sea (Phongsuwan and Chansang, 2012), and only 44 species were recorded from six sites in the Gulf of Thailand (Yeemin et al, 2009;Sutthacheep et al, 2012Sutthacheep et al, , 2013. Though the overall area of the reef at Losin Pinnacle is relatively small, the coverage of live coral is high relative to other Thai reefs, which typically have live coral cover ranging from approximately 8% to 45% (Phongsuwan et al, 2013;Yeemin et al, 2013a;Sutthacheep et al, 2015). Additionally, Losin reef is rich in fish (111 species, personal communication), and other benthic organisms such as ascidians, octocorals, echinoderms, crustaceans, and sponges (Darumas et al, 2018;Marine and Coastal Resources Research and Development Institute, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coral Diversity at Losin Pinnacle, an Offshore Reef in the Gulf of Thailand: Toward a Future MPA

Yucharoen

Chankong²,

Phongsuwan³

et al. 2020

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Synergistic Effect of Elevated Temperature and Light Stresses on Physiology of Pocillopora acuta from Different Environments

Sinutok

Chotikarn

Pattaratumrong

et al. 2022

JMSE

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Increasing levels of greenhouse gases lead to ocean warming, which affects a range of marine organisms. Corals live in a narrow temperature range and become stressed when the temperatures change. Bleaching occurs when the temperature exceeds the coral’s threshold, and can be severe when this is combined with other stressors such as light. In order to understand how temperature and light affect corals in their physiological responses and photosynthetic performance, Pocillopora acuta from Maiton Island (MT) and Panwa Cape (PW), representing different environments, were investigated. The results show that light and temperature had by regime different effects on Symbiodiniaceae photosynthesis and the coral growth rate. There was a synergistic effect of elevated temperature and light on photosynthesis, as observed in the photochemical efficiency and pigment contents, suggesting photo-damage. A higher growth rate in Panwa corals was observed in control, and while elevated temperature reduced coral growth. Elevated temperature affected the Panwa coral less, suggesting that corals from this regime might be able to recover when the temperature returns to normal. This information is important for predicting the coral responses to elevated temperature especially in the summer, as regards the possibility of coral bleaching.

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Quantitative studies on the 2010 mass coral bleaching event in Thai waters

Abstract: A severe coral reef bleaching event occurred in late summer 2010 in the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Experimental Assessment of Vulnerability to Warming in Tropical Shallow-Water Marine Organisms

Experimental Assessment of Vulnerability to Warming in Tropical Shallow-Water Marine Organisms

Coral Diversity at Losin Pinnacle, an Offshore Reef in the Gulf of Thailand: Toward a Future MPA

Synergistic Effect of Elevated Temperature and Light Stresses on Physiology of Pocillopora acuta from Different Environments

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