Quantitative Screening of Stilbenes and Zeranol and Its Related Residues and Natural Precursors in Veal Liver by Gas Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

An existing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based quantitative screening method for the regulatory analysis of the resorcylic acid lactones zeranol, taleranol, and zearalanone and the stilbene anabolic steroids diethylstilbestrol and dienestrol was extended to include natural precursors of zeranol (zearalenone, alpha-zearalenol, and beta-zearalenol) in veal liver. No changes in sample preparation were required; the instrumental conditions were selected to effect a suitable chromatographic separation and detection of the analytes. Validation experiments were performed to verify the performance and applicability of the extended method for the quantitative screening of the original and additional analytes in veal liver in the concentration range from 0.5 to 2.0 microg/kg. The limits of detection were 0.08-0.19 microg/kg. The limits of quantitation were 0.27-0.64 microg/kg. Recoveries were 29-67%. Combined relative measurement uncertainty estimates were 6-21%.

A rapid method for simultaneous determination of zearalenone, α-zearalenol, β-zearalenol, zearalanone, α-zearalanol and β-zearalanol in traditional Chinese medicines by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

“…ELISA-based kits, which are generally expensive, may suffer from crossreactivity phenomena giving rise to false positive results. Although the GC method has a good sensitivity and specificity, the major disadvantage is the need for derivatization, which is time-consuming, to enhance the volatility of analytes for GC separation [14,[23][24][25][26][27][28]. The most frequently used technique for the mycotoxin separation is HPLC as it combines high resolution with increasing sophisticated automation [10,12,21].…”

Determination of Mycotoxins in Food Matrices Using LC-MS/MS Compared With High-resolution Orbitrap™ MS Technology

“…Classical separation techniques such as thin layer chromatography (TLC) [16][17][18], high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] or gas chromatography (GC) [26][27][28][29][30][31] are used for avoiding interferences resulting in better detection of the target analytes or compound classes. In the last years, liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) has become the most universal approach for monitoring mycotoxins.…”

Analysis of zearalenone and α‐zearalenol in 100 foods and medicinal plants determined by HPLC‐FLD and positive confirmation by LC‐MS‐MS

“…Analytical methods for the determination of ZON and α ‐ZOL involve thin‐layer chromatography (TLC), enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays, gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and liquid chromatography with various detectors . TLC and GC have, however, largely been replaced by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (LC‐FLD) or diode array detection (DAD) (LC‐DAD) or liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS‐MS) since TLC is not sufficiently sensitive and selective for many analysis tasks and GC techniques need a derivatisation step to enhance the volatility and response of the analyte, which is time consuming and error prone.…”