Analysis of zearalenone and <i>α</i>‐zearalenol in 100 foods and medicinal plants determined by <scp>HPLC‐FLD</scp> and positive confirmation by <scp>LC‐MS‐MS</scp>

Kong, Weijun; Shen, Hong-Hong; Zhang, Xiaofei; Yang, Xiaoli; Qiu, Feng; Ouyang, Zhen; Yang, Meihua

doi:10.1002/jsfa.5926

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…HPLC-FLD methods have been adapted by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) International and by the European Standardization Committee (CEN) for quantification of mycotoxins in cereals [92]. By this technique, it is possible to obtain sensitivity that is comparable to those achieved by LC-MS/MS; however, HPLC-FLD methods are usually most suitable for single mycotoxins or a group of chemically related mycotoxins [93,94]. Recently, a HPLC-FLD method has been employed for the simultaneous detection of multiple mycotoxins: (1) AFs and OTA in maize cereal products, peanut butter, ginseng and ginger [95,96]; (2) AFs, OTA, and ZEA in cereal grains, rye and rice [97,98]; (3) AFs, OTA, ZEA and DON in corn [99].…”

Section: Analysis Of Mycotoxins In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, Toxicity, and Analysis of Major Mycotoxins in Food

Alshannaq

2017

IJERPH

900

573

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Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by certain filamentous fungi (molds). These low molecular weight compounds (usually less than 1000 Daltons) are naturally occurring and practically unavoidable. They can enter our food chain either directly from plant-based food components contaminated with mycotoxins or by indirect contamination from the growth of toxigenic fungi on food. Mycotoxins can accumulate in maturing corn, cereals, soybeans, sorghum, peanuts, and other food and feed crops in the field and in grain during transportation. Consumption of mycotoxin-contaminated food or feed can cause acute or chronic toxicity in human and animals. In addition to concerns over adverse effects from direct consumption of mycotoxin-contaminated foods and feeds, there is also public health concern over the potential ingestion of animal-derived food products, such as meat, milk, or eggs, containing residues or metabolites of mycotoxins. Members of three fungal genera, Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium, are the major mycotoxin producers. While over 300 mycotoxins have been identified, six (aflatoxins, trichothecenes, zearalenone, fumonisins, ochratoxins, and patulin) are regularly found in food, posing unpredictable and ongoing food safety problems worldwide. This review summarizes the toxicity of the six mycotoxins, foods commonly contaminated by one or more of them, and the current methods for detection and analysis of these mycotoxins.

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Section: Analysis Of Mycotoxins In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, Toxicity, and Analysis of Major Mycotoxins in Food

Alshannaq

2017

IJERPH

900

573

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“…Mycotoxin contamination is a global problem, concerning both developing and developed countries [ 1 ]. Mycotoxins, products of fungal metabolism, are present in human and animal food products and are stable under high pressure and temperature conditions [ 2 ]. Zearalenone (ZEA), chemically described as 6-(10-hydroxy-6-oxo-trans-1-undecenyl)-β-resocyclic acid lactone, is a secondary metabolite synthesized in the genus Fusarium , mainly F. graminearum and F. cuolmorum [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen Receptor α Is Crucial in Zearalenone-Induced Invasion and Migration of Prostate Cancer Cells

Kowalska

Habrowska-Górczyńska

Urbanek

et al. 2018

Toxins

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Zearalenone (ZEA), a mycotoxin produced in the genus Fusarium, binds to estrogen receptors (ER) and is therefore regarded as an endocrine disruptor. ZEA has also been found to modulate the proliferation and apoptosis of prostate cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. This study evaluates whether the effect of a low dose of ZEA (0.1 and 0.001 nM) on the invasion and migration of prostate cancer cell line PC3 is associated with ERs expression. The invasion and migration was evaluated by modified Boyden chamber assay, scratch assay, gelatin zymography, Real Time qPCR (RTqPCR) and Western blot. The involvement of ERs was evaluated with the selective ER antagonists: estrogen receptor α (ERα) antagonist 1,3-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl-5-[4-(2-piperidinylethoxy) phenol]-1H-pyrazole dihydrochloride (MPP) and estrogen receptor β (ERβ) antagonist 4-[2–phenyl-5,7–bis (trifluoromethyl) pyrazolo [1,5-a]-pyrimidin-3-yl] phenol (PHTPP). ZEA was found to modulate cell motility dependent on estrogen receptors, particularly ERα. Increased cell migration and invasion were associated with increased MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity as well as the up-regulation of the EMT-associated genes vimentin (VIM), zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1/2 (ZEB1/2) and transforming growth factor β 1 (TGFβ1). In conclusion, ZEA might modulate the invasiveness of prostate cancer cells dependently on ERα expression.

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“…No relationship between fungal counts and OTA contamination was found [69]. In yet another example, Kong and coworkers found higher ZEA concentrations in Coix seeds used to prepare a very popular tea in Korea [70]. Finally, a Spanish study examined herbal samples and found that sage leaves, chamomile flower, valerian root, senna leaves, and rhubarb were among the most mycotoxin-contaminated herbs.…”

Section: Mycotoxin Contamination and Fungal Charge Found In Teamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxin Contamination of Beverages Obtained from Tropical Crops

2018

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This review is mainly centered on beverages obtained from tropical crops, including tea, nut milk, coffee, cocoa, and those prepared from fruits. After considering the epidemiological data found on the matrices above, the focus was given to recent methodological approaches to assess the most relevant mycotoxins. Aspects such as singularities among the mycotoxin and the beverage in which their were found, and the economic effects and repercussions that the mycotoxin-tainted ingredients have on the beverage industry were pointed out. Finally, the burden of their consumption through beverages, including risk and health effects on humans, was addressed as well.

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Analysis of zearalenone and α‐zearalenol in 100 foods and medicinal plants determined by HPLC‐FLD and positive confirmation by LC‐MS‐MS

Cited by 36 publications

References 18 publications

Occurrence, Toxicity, and Analysis of Major Mycotoxins in Food

Occurrence, Toxicity, and Analysis of Major Mycotoxins in Food

Estrogen Receptor α Is Crucial in Zearalenone-Induced Invasion and Migration of Prostate Cancer Cells

Mycotoxin Contamination of Beverages Obtained from Tropical Crops

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