Quantitative Permittivity Measurements of Nanoliter Liquid Volumes in Microfluidic Channels to 40 GHz

Booth, James C.; Orloff, Nathan D.; Mateu, Jordi; Janezic, Michael D.; Rinehart, Matthew T.; Beall, James A.

doi:10.1109/tim.2010.2047141

Cited by 145 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Like our previous work [23], this microwave-microfluidic device had five regions ( Fig. 1(a)), which are modeled as uniform distributed transmission-line segments.…”

Section: A Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were several approaches to obtaining , , , and for the known fluid samples, including finite-element simulation [23], direct measurement [23], and analytical calculation [26]. If the materials used to fabricate the microwave-microfluidic transmission lines (including the fluid) are nonmagnetic, then and depend solely on the metallic conductors [27].…”

Section: A Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the materials used to fabricate the microwave-microfluidic transmission lines (including the fluid) are nonmagnetic, then and depend solely on the metallic conductors [27]. In this nonmagnetic case, both finite-element simulations and analytical calculations [23], [28] could be used to obtain and from the cross-sectional dimensions of the transmission line. Then, either finite-element simulation or conformal mapping can be used to obtain geometrical factors, and , that relate and to the complex permittivity of the fluid.…”

Section: A Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Multistate Single-Connection Calibration for Microwave Microfluidics

Orloff

Little

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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Abstract-With emerging medical, chemical, and biological applications of microwave-microfluidic devices, many researchers desire a fast and accurate calibration that can be achieved in a single connection. However, traditional on-wafer or coaxial calibrations require measurements of several different artifacts to the data prior to measuring the microwave-microfluidic device. Ideally, a single artifact would be able to present different impedance states to correct the vector network analyzer data, minimizing drift and eliminating artifact-to-artifact connection errors. Here, we developed a multistate single-connection calibration that used a coplanar waveguide loaded with a microfluidic channel. We then used measurements of the uncorrected scattering parameters of the coplanar waveguide with the channel empty, filled with deionized water, and filled with 30 w% (30 grams per liter) of saline to construct an eight-term error model and switch-term correction. After correction, the residuals between measured scattering parameters and with literature-based finite-element simulations were below -40 dB from 100 MHz to 110 GHz. This multistate single-connection calibration is compatible with both wafer-probed and connectorized microwave-microfluidic devices for accurate impedance spectroscopy and materials characterization without the need for multiple device measurements.

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“…Like our previous work [23], this microwave-microfluidic device had five regions ( Fig. 1(a)), which are modeled as uniform distributed transmission-line segments.…”

Section: A Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Multistate Single-Connection Calibration for Microwave Microfluidics

Orloff

Little

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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“…CAD-based modeling and characterization techniques are known to be sensitive to the design variables [36]. In order to quantify the applicability of the proposed characterization methodology to detect change in sintering temperature, we repeated the analysis described in this section for measurements at different temperatures: 170 0 C and 220 0 C. In this instance, the dielectric constant and loss tangent of Kapton were defined as 3.4 and 0.1 [17] in the HFSS model.…”

Section: B Parameter Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Microwave Characterization of Inkjet-Printed Coplanar Waveguides on Flexible Substrates

Sahu

Aaen

Lewandowski

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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Abstract-In this paper, we propose a robust microwave characterization of inkjet printed components on flexible substrates, which aim at measuring the material properties of silver nanoparticle inks and the supporting dielectric spacer employed during measurements. Starting with propagation constant extracted from multiline thru-reflect-line calibration with coplanar waveguide (CPW) standards and then proceeding with finite element modeling of CPWs, the proposed technique can dynamically produce an interpolated search space by automatic driving of simulation tools. In the final stage, the algorithm utilizes a least-square optimization routine to minimize the deviation between model and measurements. Our technique significantly reduces the computing resources and is able to extract the material parameters using even a nominal ink profile. Characteristic impedances for CPWs are extracted using series resistor measurements from 10 MHz to 20 GHz. It is also shown that the proposed characterization methodology is able to detect any changes in material properties induced by changes in fabrication parameters such as sintering temperature. Ink conductivities of approximately 2.973 × 10 0.201 × 10 7 S/m respectively. We verified our technique by measuring the material parameters with conventional approach.

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“…It is more appropriate for solid characterization. Measurement system based on microfluidic channels embedded in coplanar transmission lines proposed in [14].…”

Section: Transmission Line Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced fluid characterization in the millimeter-wave band using Gap Waveguide Technology

Buendia¹

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Quantitative Permittivity Measurements of Nanoliter Liquid Volumes in Microfluidic Channels to 40 GHz

Cited by 145 publications

References 49 publications

A Multistate Single-Connection Calibration for Microwave Microfluidics

A Multistate Single-Connection Calibration for Microwave Microfluidics

Robust Microwave Characterization of Inkjet-Printed Coplanar Waveguides on Flexible Substrates

Enhanced fluid characterization in the millimeter-wave band using Gap Waveguide Technology

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