Quantitative multiplexed proteomics analysis reveals reshaping of the lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylome in Fusarium graminearum by tebuconazole

Abstract

Backgrounds Lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) is a newly discovered posttranslational modification (PTM) and has been identified in several prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Fusarium graminearum, a major pathogen of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereal crops, can cause considerable yield loss and produce various mycotoxins that threaten human health. The application of chemical fungicides such as tebuconazole (TEC) remains the major method to control this pathogen. However, the distribution of Khib in F. graminearum and whether Khib is remodified in response to fungicide stress remain unknown. Results Here, we carried out a proteome-wide analysis of Khib in F. graminearum, identifying the reshaping of the lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylome by tebuconazole, using the most recently developed high-resolution LC–MS/MS technique in combination with high-specific affinity enrichment. Specifically, 3501 Khib sites on 1049 proteins were identified, and 1083 Khib sites on 556 modified proteins normalized to the total protein content were changed significantly after TEC treatment. Bioinformatics analysis showed that Khib proteins are involved in a wide range of biological processes and may be involved in virulence and deoxynivalenol (DON) production, as well as sterol biosynthesis, in F. graminearum. Conclusions Here, we provided a wealth of resources for further study of the roles of Khib in the fungicide resistance of F. graminearum. The results enhanced our understanding of this PTM in filamentous ascomycete fungi and provided insight into the remodification of Khib sites during azole fungicide challenge in F. graminearum.

Functions of lysine 2‐hydroxyisobutyrylation and future perspectives on plants

“…Subsequently, the profiling of 2hydroxyisobutyrylome in different species was reported, which mainly lied on the efficient affinity enrichment at proteome-wide with confirmed anti-2-hydroxyisobutyryllysine antibody conjugated agarose beads and LC-MS/MS analysis. Until now, thousands of Khib proteins have been identified in animal [12,18,20,21], fungi [13,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29],…”

“…Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts and stores energy as chemical bonds in sugars. The Calvin cycle (also known as the Calvin-Benson cycle, carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms) refers to the light-independent steps of photosynthesis that convert carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) into carbohydrates and other organic compounds [28,29]. PTMs control multiple proteins and enzymes that are essential to photosynthesis at various stages.…”

Identification of Fcl-29 as an Effective Antifungal Natural Product against Fusarium graminearum and Combinatorial Engineering Strategy for Improving Its Yield

“…In agricultural practice, there are multiple threats to wheat production, especially severe plant diseases, such as FHB (Fusarium head blight) disease, which causes significant reductions in grain quality and quantity. − The FHB epidemic has been reported to lead to a 10–70% wheat production loss. , Besides quality losses, disease progress is accompanied by the production of trichothecene mycotoxins, which pose a severe threat to the health of human beings and livestock. , Therefore, various management strategies have been developed to control FHB, for instance agricultural practices, breeding, chemical control, etc. Among them, the use of chemical fungicides remains the most effective control strategy. , However, the dependency on chemical fungicides in FHB management practices raises extensive concerns about environmental pollution, human and animal health, as well as resistance development. ,, As a result, it is both promising and challenging to develop and utilize biofungicides, the alternative of chemical fungicides.…”

“…11,12 However, the dependency on chemical fungicides in FHB management practices raises extensive concerns about environmental pollution, human and animal health, as well as resistance development. 7,13,14 As a result, it is both promising and challenging to develop and utilize biofungicides, the alternative of chemical fungicides.…”

Proteomic analysis of protein lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) in soybean leaves

“…However, recent studies have shown that this modification also occurs in nonhistone proteins in various compartments of cells. To date, K hib modification has been identified in human or animal [9][10][11][12][13], fungus (Aspergillus flavus [14], Fusarium graminearum [15], Candida albicans [16], bacteria (Proteus mirabilis [17] and Toxoplasma gondii [18]) and plants. All these studies indicate that K hib modification is not only widely present in various organisms, but also involved in a wide variety of physiological functions.…”