Quantitative morphometric analysis of the myenteric nervous plexus ganglion structures along the human digestive tract

Mandic, Predrag; Filipović, Tatjana; Gašić, Miloš; Djukic-Macut, Natasa; Filipovič, Milan; Bogosavljevic, Ivan

doi:10.2298/vsp141231046m

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Since myenteric ganglia are variable in size/area depending on the number of contained neurons or glial cells (13,29,37), this quantitative method may yield misleading results when one is comparing tissues from dysmotility patients to controls. Mandic et al (25) measured the number of myenteric neurons per square centimeter of surface of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, transverse colon, and rectum in paraffin control tissue samples. However, a potential limitation of this method, which measures neurons normalized per microscopic field, is neuronal overestimation because of the inclusion of extraganglionic myenteric perikarya, which have been demonstrated to increase progressively with age (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric neuron density correlates with clinical features of severe gut dysmotility

Boschetti

Malagelada

Accarino

et al. 2019

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms can originate from severe dysmotility due to enteric neuropathies. Current methods used to demonstrate enteric neuropathies are based mainly on classic qualitative histopathological/immunohistochemical evaluation. This study was designed to identify an objective morphometric method for paraffin-embedded tissue samples to quantify the interganglionic distance between neighboring myenteric ganglia immunoreactive for neuron-specific enolase, as well as the number of myenteric and submucosal neuronal cell bodies/ganglion in jejunal specimens of patients with severe GI dysmotility. Jejunal full-thickness biopsies were collected from 32 patients (22 females; 16–77 yr) with well-characterized severe dysmotility and 8 controls (4 females; 47–73 yr). A symptom questionnaire was filled before surgery. Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis coupled with Dunn’s posttest and nonparametric linear regression tests were used for analyzing morphometric data and clinical correlations, respectively. Compared with controls, patients with severe dysmotility exhibited a significant increase in myenteric interganglionic distance ( P = 0.0005) along with a decrease in the number of myenteric ( P < 0.00001) and submucosal ( P < 0.0004) neurons. A 50% reduction in the number of submucosal and myenteric neurons correlated with an increased interganglionic distance and severity of dysmotility. Our study proposes a relatively simple tool that can be applied for quantitative evaluation of paraffin sections from patients with severe dysmotility. The finding of an increased interganglionic distance may aid diagnosis and limit the direct quantitative analysis of neurons per ganglion in patients with an interganglionic distance within the control range. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Enteric neuropathies are challenging conditions characterized by a severe impairment of gut physiology, including motility. An accurate, unambiguous assessment of enteric neurons provided by quantitative analysis of routine paraffin sections may help to define neuropathy-related gut dysmotility. We showed that patients with severe gut dysmotility exhibited an increased interganglionic distance associated with a decreased number of myenteric and submucosal neurons, which correlated with symptoms and clinical manifestations of deranged intestinal motility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric neuron density correlates with clinical features of severe gut dysmotility

Boschetti

Malagelada

Accarino

et al. 2019

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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“…As regards the organization of the human ENS, the distribution of the nervous structures in the esophagus and stomach is similar to rodents and large mammal species [ 23 , 31 , 52 , 53 ]. In the human small and large intestines, the organization of the ENS is not quite clear.…”

Section: Anatomy Of the Enteric Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxins and the Enteric Nervous System

Gonkowski

Gajęcka

Makowska

2020

Toxins

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Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by various fungal species. They are commonly found in a wide range of agricultural products. Mycotoxins contained in food enter living organisms and may have harmful effects on many internal organs and systems. The gastrointestinal tract, which first comes into contact with mycotoxins present in food, is particularly vulnerable to the harmful effects of these toxins. One of the lesser-known aspects of the impact of mycotoxins on the gastrointestinal tract is the influence of these substances on gastrointestinal innervation. Therefore, the present study is the first review of current knowledge concerning the influence of mycotoxins on the enteric nervous system, which plays an important role, not only in almost all regulatory processes within the gastrointestinal tract, but also in adaptive and protective reactions in response to pathological and toxic factors in food.

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“…In mammals the myenteric nerve plexus is known to be located between the inner and outer layers of the gut mucosa (Faller et al, 2004;Mandić et al, 2016;Ameku et al, 2020). The location of the ganglion and bundles of the myenteric nerve plexus in the outer layer of the muscular membrane of the gut of ducks is consistent with the relevant information regarding their topography in chickens and geese (Kuder et al, 2003;Kushch et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Microstructure of the nerve plexus of the muscular membrane of the gut of domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) of different ages

Kushch

Makhotyna

Фесенко

et al. 2021

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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As evidenced by the publications of recent years, contrary to the existing dogma about the immutability of the state of the enteric nervous system during the postnatal period of ontogenesis, the population of intestinal neurons is a dynamic formation, decreasing with age and changing due to the action of environmental factors. The current article presents the results of study of the microscopic structure of the nerve plexus of the muscular membrane of the enteric nervous system of domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) of the black white–breasted breed, of nine age groups of 1–365 days of age. The topography, number, area of nerve nodes, as well as the density of neurons in them were determined on transverse sections of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum and rectum. For the purpose of a generalized assessment of the morphofunctional state of the nerve plexuses, two parameters were determined: the average age indicator of the gut and intestines. The average age indicator of a certain structure of each intestine was determined as the arithmetical average of its nine age indicators. The average age indicator of a certain gut structure was determined as the arithmetic average of the average age indicator of the structure of all five intestines. It has been established that the nerve plexus of the muscular membrane (myenteric, plexus Auerbachi) of the gut of domestic ducks, in contrast to mammals, is not located between the layers of the muscular membrane, but in its outer layer. On a transverse section of the gut wall, the myenteric ganglia and cords that connect have a predominantly elliptical shape. Despite a significant increase with age in the diameter and thickness of the gut wall, the total number of myenteric ganglia changed little, increasing or decreasing with varying degrees of reliability relative to the previous age. In the gut of ducks, during the first year of the postnatal period of ontogenesis, the smallest number of myenteric ganglia was found in the cecum, and the largest – in the ileum. The general pattern of the dynamics of the size of the myenteric ganglia of the gut of ducks was an increase in their area with age. Moreover, this indicator reached the greatest value at different ages of ducks: at 30 days of age in the ileum and cecum, at 180 days of age – in the rectum and at 365 days of age – in the duodenum. The smallest area of the myenteric ganglia was found in the jejunum, and the largest – in the duodenum and ileum. The smallest number of neurons in the ganglion was found in the cecum, and the largest – in the rectum, the lowest density of neurons in the ganglion was found in the cecum, and the largest – in the jejunum. The general quantitative pattern of neurons in the ganglion was the decrease in their density with age. Changes in the morphometric parameters of the ganglia of the nerve plexus of the muscular membrane of the ducks’ gut indicate the plasticity of the enteric nervous system, its ability to dynamically respond to the action of factors of the internal and external environment. It is promising to study the state of the submucous nerve plexus, as well as the cellular composition of the population of neurons of the enteric nervous system of domestic and wild poultry.

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Quantitative morphometric analysis of the myenteric nervous plexus ganglion structures along the human digestive tract

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Enteric neuron density correlates with clinical features of severe gut dysmotility

Enteric neuron density correlates with clinical features of severe gut dysmotility

Mycotoxins and the Enteric Nervous System

Microstructure of the nerve plexus of the muscular membrane of the gut of domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) of different ages

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