Quantitative investigation of the bioeffects associated with terahertz radiation

Wilmink, Gerald J.; Rivest, Benjamin D.; Ibey, Bennett L.; Roth, Caleb L.; Bernhard, Joshua A.; Roach, William P.

doi:10.1117/12.844916

Cited by 33 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…First, they provide high levels of average output power, with values on the order of 100 mW at many frequency lines. Notably, these power values are the highest levels of all commercially available bench-top THz sources [43,[119][120][121][122] (Fig. 5a).…”

Section: Direct Generation Laser Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Computational M&S techniques are incredibly valuable tools, which are finding increased use in THz biological research. For example, these tools are commonly used to determine field distribution in biological materials, to calculate the expected temperature rise during THz exposures, and to predict tissue damage thresholds [121,122,147,148]. There are many different types of modeling techniques, but the most commonly used methods are FDTD, Finite Element method (FEM), Finite Difference, and Monte Carlo.…”

Section: Equipment Used For Controlled Exposures and Accurate Dosimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Study 14. Over the past few years, the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) has conducted several experiments to examine the biological effects of THz radiation [119][120][121][122]147]. The primary goal for these studies was to examine the cellular response of human mammalian cells exposed to high-power THz radiation using an optically-pumped molecular gas THz laser.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invited Review Article: Current State of Research on Biological Effects of Terahertz Radiation

Wilmink

Grundt

2011

J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves

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271

186

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In recent years, terahertz radiation sources are increasingly being exploited in military and civil applications. However, only a few studies have so far been conducted to examine the biological effects associated with terahertz radiation. In this study, we evaluated the cellular response of mesenchymal mouse stem cells exposed to THz radiation. We apply low-power radiation from both a pulsed broad-band (centered at 10 THz) source and from a CW laser (2.52 THz) source. Modeling, empirical characterization, and monitoring techniques were applied to minimize the impact of radiation-induced increases in temperature. qRT-PCR was used to evaluate changes in the transcriptional activity of selected hyperthermic genes. We found that temperature increases were minimal, and that the differential expression of the investigated heat shock proteins (HSP105, HSP90, and CPR) was unaffected, while the expression of certain other genes (Adiponectin, GLUT4, and PPARG) showed clear effects of the THz irradiation after prolonged, broad-band exposure.

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Section: Direct Generation Laser Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Equipment Used For Controlled Exposures and Accurate Dosimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invited Review Article: Current State of Research on Biological Effects of Terahertz Radiation

Wilmink

Grundt

2011

J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves

Self Cite

271

186

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“…The modest gene expression changes, measured in cells exposed 2.52 THz radiation at intensities of 84.8 mW∕cm 2 ,were reproduced both by ultraviolet light exposure and submersion in a heated water bath, suggesting that the effects of THz exposure on cells are likely due to the slight rise of temperature that the illumination produces. 13 These initial results indicate that THz radiation may be used safely by ensuring that exposure remains sufficiently below levels which heat tissues under study, and it is anticipated that continued in vitro and eventually in vivo experiments will further clarify the safety and potential risks of THz illumination on living cells and how to manage them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Alongside this exploration of new applications, in vitro analysis has also been completed to examine the effects of exposure to THz radiation. These studies have treated lymphocytes, 11,12 fibroblast samples, 13 and keratinocytes, 14,15 with radiation at approximately 0.12 THz, 2.52 THz, and 0.2 to 3.0 (broadband) THz, respectively, and found no significant detrimental effects on cell cycle kinetics and no discernible chromosomal damage. The modest gene expression changes, measured in cells exposed 2.52 THz radiation at intensities of 84.8 mW∕cm 2 ,were reproduced both by ultraviolet light exposure and submersion in a heated water bath, suggesting that the effects of THz exposure on cells are likely due to the slight rise of temperature that the illumination produces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of corneal hydration sensing in the terahertz band:in vivoresults at 100 GHz

Bennett¹,

Taylor²,

Tewari³

et al. 2012

J. Biomed. Opt

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Abstract. Terahertz corneal hydration sensing has shown promise in ophthalmology applications and was recently shown to be capable of detecting water concentration changes of about two parts in a thousand in ex vivo corneal tissues. This technology may be effective in patient monitoring during refractive surgery and for early diagnosis and treatment monitoring in diseases of the cornea. In this work, Fuchs dystrophy, cornea transplant rejection, and keratoconus are discussed, and a hydration sensitivity of about one part in a hundred is predicted to be needed to successfully distinguish between diseased and healthy tissues in these applications. Stratified models of corneal tissue reflectivity are developed and validated using ex vivo spectroscopy of harvested porcine corneas that are hydrated using polyethylene glycol solutions. Simulation of the cornea's depth-dependent hydration profile, from 0.01 to 100 THz, identifies a peak in intrinsic reflectivity contrast for sensing at 100 GHz. A 100 GHz hydration sensing system is evaluated alongside the current standard ultrasound pachymetry technique to measure corneal hydration in vivo in four rabbits. A hydration sensitivity, of three parts per thousand or better, was measured in all four rabbits under study. This work presents the first in vivo demonstration of remote corneal hydration sensing.

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In vitro investigation of the biological effects associated with human dermal fibroblasts exposed to 2.52 THz radiation

et al. 2010

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Quantitative investigation of the bioeffects associated with terahertz radiation

Cited by 33 publications

References 38 publications

Invited Review Article: Current State of Research on Biological Effects of Terahertz Radiation

Invited Review Article: Current State of Research on Biological Effects of Terahertz Radiation

Assessment of corneal hydration sensing in the terahertz band:in vivoresults at 100 GHz

In vitro investigation of the biological effects associated with human dermal fibroblasts exposed to 2.52 THz radiation

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