Quantitative imaging of volcanic plumes — Results, needs, and future trends

Platt, U.; Lübcke, Peter; Kuhn, Jonas; Bobrowski, Nicole; Prata, Fred; Burton, Mike; Kern, Christoph

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.10.006

Cited by 32 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…After multiplication with the plume speed, the total gas emission is calculated (e.g. Edner et al 1994;Galle et al, 2002;McGonigle et al 2002;Edmonds et al 2003;Platt et al 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended SO2 outgassing from the 2014–2015 Holuhraun lava flow field, Iceland

et al. 2017

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The 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption was the largest fissure eruption in Iceland in the last 200 years. This flood basalt eruption produced~1.6 km 3 of lava, forming a lava flow field covering an area of~84 km 2 . Over the 6-month course of the eruption,~11 Mt of SO 2 were released from the eruptive vents as well as from the cooling lava flow field. This work examines the post-eruption SO 2 flux emitted by the Holuhraun lava flow field, providing the first study of the extent and relative importance of the outgassing of a lava flow field after emplacement. We use data from a scanning differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) instrument installed at the eruption site to monitor the flux of SO 2 . In this study, we propose a new method to estimate the SO 2 emissions from the lava flow field, based on the characteristic shape of the scanned column density distribution of a homogenous source close to the ground. Post-eruption outgassing of the lava flow field continued for at least 3 months after the end of the eruption, with SO 2 flux between < 1 and 9 kg/s. The lava flow field post-eruption emissions were not a significant contributor to the total SO 2 released during the eruption; however, the lava flow field was still an important polluter and caused high concentrations of SO 2 at ground level after lava effusion ceased.

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“…After multiplication with the plume speed, the total gas emission is calculated (e.g. Edner et al 1994;Galle et al, 2002;McGonigle et al 2002;Edmonds et al 2003;Platt et al 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended SO2 outgassing from the 2014–2015 Holuhraun lava flow field, Iceland

et al. 2017

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“…One approach that could mitigate against radiative transfer-related errors is a Fabry-Perot configuration [27,28]. Such optical devices allow light transmission at regularly spaced wavelengths, blocking the intervening radiation.…”

Section: Ultraviolet Camera Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet Imaging of Volcanic Plumes: A New Paradigm in Volcanology

et al. 2017

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Ultraviolet imaging has been applied in volcanology over the last ten years or so. This provides considerably higher temporal and spatial resolution volcanic gas emission rate data than available previously, enabling the volcanology community to investigate a range of far faster plume degassing processes than achievable hitherto. To date, this has covered rapid oscillations in passive degassing through conduits and lava lakes, as well as puffing and explosions, facilitating exciting connections to be made for the first time between previously rather separate sub-disciplines of volcanology. Firstly, there has been corroboration between geophysical and degassing datasets at ≈1 Hz, expediting more holistic investigations of volcanic source-process behaviour. Secondly, there has been the combination of surface observations of gas release with fluid dynamic models (numerical, mathematical, and laboratory) for gas flow in conduits, in attempts to link subterranean driving flow processes to surface activity types. There has also been considerable research and development concerning the technique itself, covering error analysis and most recently the adaptation of smartphone sensors for this application, to deliver gas fluxes at a significantly lower instrumental price point than possible previously. At this decadal juncture in the application of UV imaging in volcanology, this article provides an overview of what has been achieved to date as well as a forward look to possible future research directions.

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“…There are also uncertainties arising from cell calibration [24], as well as from light transit through the filters at different incident angles [25]. One approach that could mitigate against radiative transfer related errors is a Fabry-Perot configuration [26,27]. To date most of the camera systems applied in this context have been based on commercially available UV cameras, with price points of thousands of USD.…”

Section: Ultraviolet Camera Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet Imaging of Volcanic Plumes: A New Paradigm in Volcanology

McGonigle¹,

Pering²,

Wilkes³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Ultraviolet imaging has been applied in volcanology over the last ten years or so. This provides considerably higher temporal and spatial resolution volcanic gas emission rate data than available previously, enabling the volcanology community to investigate a range of far faster plume degassing processes, than achievable hitherto. To date this has covered rapid oscillations in passive degassing through conduits and lava lakes, as well as puffing and explosions, facilitating exciting connections to be made for the first time between previously rather separate sub disciplines of volcanology. Firstly, there has been corroboration between geophysical and degassing datasets at ≈ 1 Hz expediting more holistic investigations of volcanic source-process behaviour. Secondly, there has been the combination of surface observations of gas release, with fluid dynamic models (numerical, mathematical and laboratory) for gas flow in conduits, in attempts to link subterranean driving flow processes to surface activity types. There has also been considerable research and development concerning the technique itself, covering error analysis and most recently adaptation of smartphone sensors for this application, to deliver gas fluxes at a significantly lower instrumental price point than possible previously. At this decadal juncture in the application of UV imaging in volcanology, this article provides an overview of what has been achieved to date as well as a forward look to potential future research directions, in particular covering the first use of UV cameras to generate volcanic gas composition ratio imagery.

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Quantitative imaging of volcanic plumes — Results, needs, and future trends

Cited by 32 publications

References 67 publications

Extended SO2 outgassing from the 2014–2015 Holuhraun lava flow field, Iceland

Extended SO2 outgassing from the 2014–2015 Holuhraun lava flow field, Iceland

Ultraviolet Imaging of Volcanic Plumes: A New Paradigm in Volcanology

Ultraviolet Imaging of Volcanic Plumes: A New Paradigm in Volcanology

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