Quantitative Elemental Analyses by Plasma Emission Spectroscopy

Abstract

Argon-supported inductively coupled plasmas operated at atmospheric pressures are excellent vaporization-atomization-excitation-ionization sources for analytical atomic emission spectroscopy. When a polychromator is used for observing the emitted spectra, the metals and metalloids can be determined simultaneously at the ultratrace, trace, minor, and major concentration levels under one set of experimental parameters. Alternatively, programmable scanning spectrometers may be utilized for sequential determinations. The atomization-excitation process is remarkably free of interelement interactions, the powers of detection are in the part per billion range for most elements, and sample manipulation requirements prior to analyses are often minimal. The technique meets the requirements of an analytical system for the simultaneous or sequential determination of the elements at all concentration levels to an unusual high degree.

Comparative study of four rice cultivars with different levels of cadmium tolerance

“…After digestion with nitric acid (HNO3) (Zarcinas et al 1987), the Cd amount was determined using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer and expressed as a percentage of dry weight (Fassel 1978). Standards and blanks were run with all samples for quality control.…”

Determining lead sources in Mexico using the lead isotope ratio

“…The analytical method employed was a wellestablished method used in many clinical labs in the United States. 10,11 We determined the total lead content of the ceramics by measuring the leachates from each ceramic using a 4% nitric acid solution as the leaching solution on an Instruments SA JY70+ Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). 9,10 Samples of the nitric acid solution were collected at 1 hour, 6 hours, and at 24 hours, from each container.…”

Inductively coupled plasma- and glow discharge plasma-sector field mass spectrometry : Part I. Tutorial: Fundamentals and instrumentation

“…Fassel was already a pioneer of the use of ICP in emission spectroscopy, to which he contributed a novel torch design. 57 In the group of Fassel, Houk started in 1978 to couple an ICP to a quadrupole-based mass analyzer in the context of his PhD work. 58 First results were published already in 1980, the official birth year of ICP-MS. 59 In the following years, papers from Gray and Date 60 and from Houk and co-worker 61 demonstrated the analytical performance of the prototype devices.…”