“…Previously, various techniques have been employed to determine the uric acid concentration such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 8 , high-performance liquid chromatography [9][10] , UV-Vis spectrophotometry 11 , chemiluminescence 12 , fluorescence. 13 However, these methods are reported complex to perform, time consuming, laborious, and requires expensive equipment thus impractical for daily analysis. Among these techniques, electrochemical method has offered an alternative approach for uric acid determination due to its simplicity, rapid detection, low cost, and need only a less amount of sample for routine analysis.…”