Quantitative Determination of Phenolic and Total Hydroxyl Groups in Lignins

Månsson, Per

doi:10.1515/hfsg.1983.37.3.143

Cited by 133 publications

(59 citation statements)

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“…Total hydroxyl group content (phenolic and aliphatic) was obtained by GC analysis on propionylated lignin and benzyl hexanoate as an internal standard (Månsson 1983). The analysis utilized a DB-5 capillary column of fused silica and flame ionization detector (FID).…”

Section: Total Hydroxyl Group Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Organic Acid Lignin-based Polyurethane Films: Synthesis Parameter Optimization

Llovera¹,

Benjelloun-Mlayah²,

Delmas³

2016

BioResources

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Polyurethane (PU) films were prepared by solution casting using a threecomponent system, namely, a novel solvolytic lignin, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and tolylene 2,4-diisocyanate (TDI), with dibutyltin dilaurate as a catalyst. An important objective was to incorporate as much lignin as possible. To this end, PU film synthesis was optimized by varying the lignin content (30 to 70 wt.% with respect to PEG), isocyanate-to-hydroxyl (NCO/OH) stoichiometry (0.8, 1, 1.2, 1.5, and 1.8), and PEG molecular weight (400, 600, and 1000). The results showed that the films derived from PEG 600 and a NCO/OH ratio of 1.5 were synthesized with a maximum content of 70% lignin, with respect to PEG. The effects of lignin content on the tensile properties and the thermostability of the PU films were studied. The onset decomposition temperature (TOD) of the lignin PU films reached an average limit of 310 °C, regardless of the lignin content, and 260 °C for a PU film without lignin. Thus, the addition of lignin, as a PEG substitute in polyurethane films, leads to better thermal stability. Furthermore, breaking stress, Young's modulus, and Shore hardness of PU films increased constantly with lignin content, without reaching a maximum.

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Section: Total Hydroxyl Group Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The content of phenolic hydroxyl groups was determined by GC analysis after aminolysis (Månsson 1983). Aminolysis is a direct method based on the fact that the rate of deacetylation of aromatic acetates in pyrrolidine, under mild conditions, is much greater than that of aliphatic acetates.…”

Section: Phenolic Hydroxyl Group Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Acid Lignin-based Polyurethane Films: Synthesis Parameter Optimization

Llovera¹,

Benjelloun-Mlayah²,

Delmas³

2016

BioResources

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“…Given the molecular weight of a lignin unit as 180 g/mol, the contents of Phe-OH were calculated to be 0.43 to 0.49 mol/unit lignin. The Phe-OH content of softwood lignin was 0.26 mol/unit lignin by the milled-wood method (Lin and Dence 1992), 0.45 mol/unit lignin by the sodaanthraquinone method (Takahashi et al 2014), and 0.65 mol/unit lignin by the kraft method (Månsson 1983). The Phe-OH content of the [P4,4,4,4]OH soluble lignin was higher than that of the milled-wood lignin and close to that of the soda-anthoraquinone lignin.…”

Section: Phenolic Hydroxyl Group Content In the Dissolved Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Method for Separating Lignin and Carbohydrates from Softwood Biomass in a Glass Tube using Tetra-n-Butylphosphonium Hydroxide

Yamada¹,

Miyafuji²,

Ohno³

et al. 2015

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The dissolving properties of softwood in an aqueous solution of the ionic liquid tetra-n-butylphosphonium hydroxide ([P4,4,4,4]OH) were studied. Cedar wood meal and 40% [P4,4,4,4]OH aqueous solution were mixed in a glass tube and treated at 121 °C and 2 atm in an ordinary autoclave. As the treatment time increased, the residue content decreased to 68.7%, 49.4%, and 37.0% after 1, 5, and 20 h, respectively. Following the 20-h treatment time, 97.0% of the residue was determined to be holocellulose and 96.3% of the constituent monosaccharide in the residue was glucose. UV analysis showed that most of the lignin had dissolved in the [P4,4,4,4]OH solution. Phenolic hydroxyl group analysis of the dissolved lignin suggested that the macromolecular structures of the lignin were considerably degraded. The results of this study suggest the possibility of developing a simple multi-sample analysis method for lignin content using a single-step autoclave treatment in a glass tube using an aqueous solution of [P4,4,4,4]OH.

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“…Phenolic group content (1.96 mmol g -1 ) and total hydroxyl group content (3.14mmol g -1) of the starting Kraft lignin were determined according to a published procedure. 17 The epichlorohydrin/lignin ratio was set at about 2 mmol (EP) g -1 (L) for all experiments to favour a complete lignin crosslinking. Parameters varied were lignin and base concentrations.…”

Section: Lignin Bead Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of functionalized Kraft lignin beads

Saidane

Barbe²,

Birot

et al. 2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Kraft lignin from black liquor wastes have been converted into epichlorohydrin-crosslinked beads by inverse suspension polymerization. A careful control of the different parameters allowed the preparation of spherical beads with a relatively narrow diameter size distribution. The obtained beads, without permanent porosity, swell well in hydroalcoholic media. Grafting of the sulfonylhydrazine moiety using a two-step route was further performed to apply them to carbonyl compounds scavenging.

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Quantitative Determination of Phenolic and Total Hydroxyl Groups in Lignins

Cited by 133 publications

References 0 publications

Organic Acid Lignin-based Polyurethane Films: Synthesis Parameter Optimization

Organic Acid Lignin-based Polyurethane Films: Synthesis Parameter Optimization

A Simple Method for Separating Lignin and Carbohydrates from Softwood Biomass in a Glass Tube using Tetra-n-Butylphosphonium Hydroxide

Preparation of functionalized Kraft lignin beads

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