Quantitative cardiac MRI

Abstract

Cardiac MRI has become an indispensable imaging modality in the investigation of patients with suspected heart disease. It has emerged as the gold standard test for cardiac function, volumes, and mass and allows noninvasive tissue characterization and the assessment of myocardial perfusion. Quantitative MRI already has a key role in the development and incorporation of machine learning in clinical imaging, potentially offering major improvements in both workflow efficiency and diagnostic accuracy. As the clinical applications of a wide range of quantitative cardiac MRI techniques are being explored and validated, we are expanding our capabilities for earlier detection, monitoring, and risk stratification of disease, potentially guiding personalized management decisions in various cardiac disease models. In this article we review established and emerging quantitative techniques, their clinical applications, highlight novel advances, and appraise their clinical diagnostic potential. Level of Evidence: 2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:693–711.

Native T1 mapping for assessment of the perilesional zone in metastases and benign lesions of the liver

“…Characterisation of different compositions of parenchyma by T1 and T2 mapping techniques is well established in cardiac imaging 16 . Whereas T2 relaxation time is mainly influenced by water, and thereby primarily reflects edema, T1 relaxation time is said to reflect changes in water content as well as in the local molecular environment 17 . In acute myocarditis, T1 mapping has even been found to be superior to T2 weighted CMR in detecting myocardial edema in the context of acute myocarditis 8 , even though other studies admit, that there is still no clear advantage of one mapping sequence over the other 18 .…”

2019 American Thoracic Society BEAR Cage Winning Proposal: Lung Imaging Using High-Performance Low-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging

“…Compared with other imaging modalities, MRI offers the advantage of flexible image contrast. For example, an MRI exam can include assessment of anatomical structure and tissue dynamics, quantification of blood flow, characterization of tissue edema/fibrosis/iron/perfusion/viability, quantification of fat and water, and evaluation of microarchitecture (11,12). However, in the context of pulmonary diseases, these capabilities been hampered by poor image quality, and comprehensive lung MRI exams have been unattainable.…”

Confounding factors in breast magnetic resonance fingerprinting: , slice profile, and diffusion effects

“…Signal evolutions within the StdDict take into account the tissue relaxation times T 1 and T 2 , dephasing because of spoiler gradients (G), the flip angle series (FA(t)) and the timings TR and TE of the MRF sequence; however, all of the investigated CEs are excluded. Signals in the StdDict covered a T 1 range of [5,2000] ms in steps of 5 ms and a T 2 range of [2,200] −T test 2 ), respectively, we assessed the expected theoretic matching error that results from omitting a CE. To test different noise conditions, the above analysis was conducted three times.…”