Quantitative assessment of the parameters linked to the blending between reclaimed asphalt binder and recycling agent: A literature review

Orešković, Marko; Pires, Gustavo; Bressi, Sara; Vasconcelos, Kamilla; Presti, Davide Lo

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117323

Cited by 41 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…In order to separate two layers of the binder film, the staged extraction method was used. This method was proposed for the first time by Carpenter and Wolosick [ 6 ]. That method was based on the staged extraction of the bitumen film layers leading to separation of samples from the dissolved binder for each of the sub-layers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current studies indicate that there is no full blending of the RAP binder with virgin binder [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The studies on binder miscibility consider three possible blending scenarios: I.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current studies indicate that there is no full blending of the RAP binder with virgin binder [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. The studies on binder miscibility consider three possible blending scenarios: Full blending—when the binder film is characterised by the same viscoelastic and chemical properties along its thickness; Partial blending—when the properties of the binder are different depending on the point in the binder film, but there is no strict interface between both binders; No blending—when virgin binder covers the RAP binder without blending and the RAP is then referred to as black aggregate or black rock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Homogeneity and Viscoelastic Behaviour of Bitumen Film in Asphalt Mixtures Containing RAP

2021

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This article discusses the phenomenon of fresh and RAP binders miscibility and presents test results of bitumen film properties from specially prepared asphalt mixtures. The miscibility of a fresh binder and a RAP binder still has not been fully recognised. The aim of this study was to determine the homogeneity level of the bitumen film based on viscoelastic assessment. In addition, an attempt was made to assess the impact of fresh binder on the binders blending degree. The study included assessment of homogeneity of bitumen film comprising various types of bituminous binders. The assessment was conducted on the basis of tests in the dynamic shear rheometer regarding rheological properties of the binders recovered from specific layers of the bitumen film using a staged extraction method. A complex shear modulus as a function of temperature, an elastic recovery R and a non-recoverable creep compliance modulus JNR from MSCR test were determined. The conducted statistical analyses confirmed the significant impact of the type of fresh binder on the blending degree. Regressive dependencies have been set between the differences of the complex shear modulus of the binders subject to mixing and differences of the complex shear modulus of binders from the internal and external layer of the bitumen film comprised of those binders. It was found that there is no full blending of fresh hard bitumen-simulated binder from RAP, which results in non-homogeneity of the bitumen film.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Homogeneity and Viscoelastic Behaviour of Bitumen Film in Asphalt Mixtures Containing RAP

2021

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“…The efficiency of blending with recycling agents is represented by the degree of blending (DoB) parameter, which is an indicator of the contribution of the aged binder and the recycling agents on the final blended binder [ 28 ]. Several studies proposed the evaluation of DoB by the use of mechanical, rheological and chemical measurements at the binder level; however, there is a lack of standardized procedures to evaluate all blending parameters [ 44 ].…”

Section: MIX Design Of Mixtures With High and Very High-content Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Challenges of Using Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement for New Asphalt Mixtures: A Review

2020

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Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) material mainly consists of removed asphalt concretes from existing infrastructures and, to a minor extent, of wasted or rejected mixes during the production processes. Being composed of two valuable non-renewable resources, i.e., aggregates and bituminous binder, its conscious use can ensure the sustainability of asphalt pavement construction. Thanks to the use of RAP material in new asphalt products, the USA saved 4.1 million tons of virgin binder and 78 million tons of virgin aggregates in 2018. Therefore, the use of RAP for the production of new asphalt formulations at the top of the recycling hierarchy is preferable instead of being down-cycled in low-value applications. The RAP material represents one of the most re-used construction products worldwide; in 2018, approximately 88% wt. and 72% wt. of RAP were used in USA and Europe, respectively, as aggregates for Hot, Warm and Cold Asphalt Mixtures and for unbound layers. Several studies have revealed positive responses of the recycled asphalt mixtures with high or very high content of RAP. However, the common practices of many countries still limit the RAP content to a 15–20% wt., on average, in the recycled asphalt mixes. The amount of RAP in asphalt concretes can be significantly increased by applying good management practices of the RAP, either processed or not, as well as novel production technologies and advanced mix design approaches. This manuscript aims to summarize the state-of-the-art of use of RAP aggregates in new asphalt mixtures. The economic and environmental benefits are also discussed.

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“…It is detailed as "an index indicating the minimum percentage of active RA binder that a designer can consider for a selected RAP and a selected asphalt manufacturing process", and should be determined before incorporating virgin binder, virgin aggregate and rejuvenator. Previous studies mainly focused on the DoB [34,35], but in recent years, scholars have turned their attention to DoA, trying to better understand the activation mechanism of RA binder, assessing DoA through mechanical blending and numerical simulation techniques [36] and evaluating the potential environmental impacts of improving the activation of RA binder.…”

Section: Of 15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Preheating Temperatures and RAP Characteristics on the Activation of RAP Binder

Meng

Liu

2020

Applied Sciences

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Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is preheated to 120 °C or lower in hot central plant recycling due to specification and equipment limitations. However, the insufficient activation of reclaimed asphalt (RA) caused by low preheating temperature may affect the final properties of reclaimed asphalt mixtures (RAM) and lead to insufficient utilization of RA binder. This study evaluated the influence of preheating temperature and aging of RA binder on binder activation by producing specimens with 100% RAP. The volumetric and mechanical properties of specimens were analyzed to reflect the effect of activation. The results indicate that preheating temperature has a significant impact on the activation of RA binder. Regardless of the source of RAP, RA binder can be highly activated at 180 °C, while the degree of activation decreases significantly at 120 °C. By using an artificial RAP with different degrees of aging, the aging of RA binder is found to be harmful to activation only when the preheating temperature is low (such as 120 °C). Hence, if the equipment is capable of doing so, it is better to raise the preheating temperature of RAP to improve the activation of RA binder, especially for binder with a higher degree of aging.

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Quantitative assessment of the parameters linked to the blending between reclaimed asphalt binder and recycling agent: A literature review

Cited by 41 publications

References 50 publications

Homogeneity and Viscoelastic Behaviour of Bitumen Film in Asphalt Mixtures Containing RAP

Homogeneity and Viscoelastic Behaviour of Bitumen Film in Asphalt Mixtures Containing RAP

The Challenges of Using Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement for New Asphalt Mixtures: A Review

Impact of Preheating Temperatures and RAP Characteristics on the Activation of RAP Binder

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