Quantitative assessment of the ability of collateral sprouting of the motor and primary sensory neurons after the end-to-side neurorrhaphy of the rat musculocutaneous nerve with the ulnar nerve

Šámal, Filip; Haninec, Pavel; Raška, Otakar; Dubový, Petr

doi:10.1016/j.aanat.2006.01.017

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…These results are in agreement with those obtained in rats operated for end-to-side neurorrhaphy without a treatment [13]. In comparison to Cerebrolysin and vehiculum treatments, our results revealed that intrathecal CNTF application induced a significantly higher proportion of double-stained motor versus DRG neurons - indicating an increased support of motor as opposed to DRG neurons to send out collateral sprouts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…There are reports about collateral sprouting primarily involving sensory axons with only minimal growth into motor branches [10,11], while others describe good motor reinnervation [6,12]. A similar capacity of both intact sensory and motor axons to send collateral sprouts into a denervated nerve stump was demonstrated in our previous experiments [13]. …”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Morphological evidence of collateral sprouts sent by intact sensory and motor axons of the UN has also been obtained by retrograde labeling of the neurons using one type of molecule (dextran) conjugated with two different fluorophores. This approach to neuronal labeling based on one type of molecule (e.g., Fluoro-Ruby, Fluoro-Emerald) is suitable for quantitative morphological evaluation of collateral sprouting [9,13]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we utilized our model for end-to-side anastomosis of the distal musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) stump with intact ulnar nerve (UN) [9,13] to test the effect of CNTF on the formation of collateral sprouts and functional reinnervation of the biceps brachii muscle in comparison to Cerebrolysin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ciliary neurotrophic factor promotes motor reinnervation of the musculocutaneous nerve in an experimental model of end-to-side neurorrhaphy

et al. 2011

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BackgroundIt is difficult to repair nerve if proximal stump is unavailable or autogenous nerve grafts are insufficient for reconstructing extensive nerve damage. Therefore, alternative methods have been developed, including lateral anastomosis based on axons' ability to send out collateral sprouts into denervated nerve. The different capacity of a sensory or motor axon to send a sprout is controversial and may be controlled by cytokines and/or neurotrophic factors like ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). The aim of the present study was to quantitatively assess collateral sprouts sent out by intact motor and sensory axons in the end-to-side neurorrhaphy model following intrathecal administration of CNTF in comparison with phosphate buffered saline (vehiculum) and Cerebrolysin.The distal stump of rat transected musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) was attached in an end-to-side fashion with ulnar nerve. CNTF, Cerebrolysin and vehiculum were administered intrathecally for 2 weeks, and all animals were allowed to survive for 2 months from operation. Numbers of spinal motor and dorsal root ganglia neurons were estimated following their retrograde labeling by Fluoro-Ruby and Fluoro-Emerald applied to ulnar and musculocutaneous nerve, respectively. Reinnervation of biceps brachii muscles was assessed by electromyography, behavioral test, and diameter and myelin sheath thickness of regenerated axons.ResultsVehiculum or Cerebrolysin administration resulted in significantly higher numbers of myelinated axons regenerated into the MCN stumps compared with CNTF treatment. By contrast, the mean diameter of the myelinated axons and their myelin sheath thickness in the cases of Cerebrolysin- or CNTF-treated animals were larger than were those for rats treated with vehiculum. CNTF treatment significantly increased the percentage of motoneurons contributing to reinnervation of the MCN stumps (to 17.1%) when compared with vehiculum or Cerebrolysin treatments (at 9.9 or 9.6%, respectively). Reduced numbers of myelinated axons and simultaneously increased numbers of motoneurons contributing to reinnervation of the MCN improved functional reinnervation of the biceps brachii muscle after CNTF treatment.ConclusionThe present experimental study confirms end-to-side neurorrhaphy as an alternative method for reconstructing severed peripheral nerves. CNTF promotes motor reinnervation of the MCN stump after its end-to-side neurorrhaphy with ulnar nerve and improves functional recovery of the biceps brachii muscle.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ciliary neurotrophic factor promotes motor reinnervation of the musculocutaneous nerve in an experimental model of end-to-side neurorrhaphy

et al. 2011

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“…In a recent quantitative study of end-to-side coaptation, the number of double-labeled motor neurons proved to be low. Only 2.5% of motor neurons were double-labeled compared with 16% of single-labeled motor neurons with retrograde tracing from the recipient nerve (51). After a crush lesion or graft repair, 2.5 to 6% double-labeled motor neurons can be found in the spinal cord (53).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Results of End-to-Side Nerve Coaptation in Severe Obstetric Brachial Plexus Lesions

Pondaag

Gilbert

2008

Neurosurgery

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Location of collateral sprouting of donor nerve following end‐to‐side neurorrhaphy

2008

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Various studies have demonstrated collateral regeneration of the donor nerve following end-to-side neurorrhaphy, but the location of collateral sprouting remains controversial. In a rat end-to-side neurorrhaphy model we isolated nerve fibers from the donor nerve at the neurorrhaphy site utilizing a micro-tease technique. We found that axons sprouted collaterally from a myelinated nerve fiber at the node of Ranvier. Based on this preliminary result we conclude that myelinated nerve fibers could sprout collateral branches at the node of Ranvier at an end-to-side neurorrhaphy site. These findings show that end-to-side neurorrhaphy may be an alternative for peripheral nerve repair.

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Quantitative assessment of the ability of collateral sprouting of the motor and primary sensory neurons after the end-to-side neurorrhaphy of the rat musculocutaneous nerve with the ulnar nerve

Cited by 17 publications

References 38 publications

Ciliary neurotrophic factor promotes motor reinnervation of the musculocutaneous nerve in an experimental model of end-to-side neurorrhaphy

Ciliary neurotrophic factor promotes motor reinnervation of the musculocutaneous nerve in an experimental model of end-to-side neurorrhaphy

Results of End-to-Side Nerve Coaptation in Severe Obstetric Brachial Plexus Lesions

Location of collateral sprouting of donor nerve following end‐to‐side neurorrhaphy

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