Quantitative aspects of the ruminating process in giraffes (<i>Giraffa camelopardalis</i>) fed with different diets

Schüßler, Dominik; Greven, Hartmut

doi:10.1002/zoo.21386

Cited by 5 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…characterization of the deletion mutants of the glutathione reductase (glrA; AN932) and the gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine ligase (gcs; AN3150). Deletion of glrA resulted in reduced growth at 37 oC without GSH supplementation, higher sensitivity to oxidative stress inducing agents menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB), diamide and hidrogen-peroxide and concomitant elevation of catalase enzyme activity similar to earlier studies of Sato et al [1,2]. Some interesting phenotype also came up in our work, namely this mutant showed sensitivity to osmotic stress inducing agents NaCl, KCl and sorbitol as well as antimycotics, e.g.…”

Section: Acta Microbiologica Et Immunologica Hungarica 62 2015supporting

confidence: 89%

“…A complex pattern of dsRNAs in the size range characteristic for partitiviruses was observed in most other Capsicum species, suggesting that different partitiviruses may be present. In C. annuum two such viruses, PCV1 and PCV2 were described in the literature [2], but we were unable to detect them in C. chinense lines by RT-PCR. Therefore, we started to clone and sequence a putative partitivirus of C. chinense.…”

Section: Diversity Of Dsrna Viruses Infecting the Capsicum Genusmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…We recently demonstrated that fitness cost associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones is diverse across clones of both methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in adult hospital wards. We observed that major clone MRSA and ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae strains with high-level resistance to fluoroquinolones retain their fitness while the vitality of other S. aureus and K. pneumoniae isolates become compromised during the development of resistance to these antibiotics [1,2]. This mechanism could have contributed to the widespread dissemination of both pathogens, a notion subsequently confirmed by Knight et al [3] investigating the dynamics of MRSA clones in a British hospital.…”

Section: Tracking the Enrichment Of Fe(iii)-reducing Bacteria In Two mentioning

confidence: 59%

“…TAMÁS BÖJTI 1,2 , ROLAND WIRTH 1 , GERGELY LAKATOS 3 , GERGELY MARÓTI 3 solid phases were separated and significant nitrogen content was detected in the water phase. Removal of excess nitrogen-containing compounds improved the suitability of CM as sole substrate for anaerobic digestion.…”

Section: Biogas Production From Chicken Manurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As several drugs in combination have to be used against tuberculosis (TB), and as the number of effective drugs is limited, any additional drug having also different mechanism of action to combat Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) would be welcome. MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry and our collaborators have a productive history on MTB related projects: (i) synthesis, structural and functional characterisation of peptides spanning the sequences of immunodominant proteins of MTB (ii) exploring various approaches to design and test new compounds with antimycobacterial activity [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Our strategy was mainly oriented toward (i) the synthesis of prodrug forms, combination of two active compounds in order to achieve their possible synergic interaction and preparation of new type of potential active compounds with possible new mechanismus of action (ii) in silico docking methods and structure-based drug design which can be used to analyze the structure of crucial bacterial enzymes for binding sites, generate candidate molecules, dock these molecules with the target and rank them according to their binding affinities (iii) increasing bioavailability through application of host cell specific carrier systems for clinically used and new antimycobacterial compounds.…”

Section: Acta Microbiologica Et Immunologica Hungarica 62 2015mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abstracts of the 17th International Congress of the Hungarian Society for Microbiology, July 8–10, 2015, Budapest, Hungary

Kovács¹,

Peles²,

Sándor³

2015

Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica

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During cytokinesis, a three-layered cell wall has to be produced allowing the separation of daughter cells in the fission yeasts Schizosaccharomyces. The formation and cleavage of the septum requires strict coordination to prevent cell lysis. These processes are under the control of complex networks of genes and proteins. The transcription factors Sep1p and Ace2p play essential roles in cell separation through regulation of numerous genes such as agn1 and eng1 that encode enzymes of septum degradation. It has been proven that the mentioned regulators are conserved as their putative orthologs can be found in many fungi. However, they are diverse in the protein and gene sequence length. The zinc-finger transcription factor Ace2p has some Schizosaccharomyces specific structural characteristics. The aim was to deepen our knowledge on the structure and function of the Ace2p by further analysis of its sequence characteristics with bioinformatical and experimental methods. As more genome sequences of related species became recently available, we performed BLAST search using the protein sequence of Sch. pombe. After generating phylogenetic trees we analysed the sequences deeply for finding new conservative blocks. Then we examined the protein sequences with the IUPred algorithm to find intrinsically disordered regions. As the protein sequences from the N-terminus to the first conserved blocks seem to be ordered but diverse among the species, we created a trunked version of Ace2p to learn its role. The transformation of this product to our Sch. pombe ace2Δ strain is underway. HOW COULD MEIOTIC DNA BREAKS DEFINE THE FATE OF GENE ORDER IN RELATED SPECIES?LAJOS ÁCS-SZABÓ, ZSUZSANNA HADHÁZI, MATTHIAS SIPICZKI and IDA MIKLÓS First, we analysed the synteny relationships in the four Schizosaccharomyces species by finding conserved collinear blocks that consist of at least five genes. Second, we compared the positions of those blocks and of Rec12 cleavage sites in the genome of Sch. pombe. After that we examined the association of DSB sites and local clustering of essential genes. Moreover, we were curious about the function and co-expression rate of genes located near the cleavage sites. At last, we compared the locations of known meiotic hotspot motifs with our map of conserved collinear blocks. All forms of periodontitis are multifactorable diseases, but the role of strict anaerobic bacteria is obvious in the procession of the diseases. In the subgingival biofilm, we can group the component bacteria into complexes. We worked with two patient groups: 10 people had aggressive periodontitis and 6 people had chronic periodontitis. The aim of this study was to compare the presence of bacterial species in this two disease forms. We also proposed to compare a rapid biochemical identification system and MALDI TOF mass spectrometry (Bruker Daltonik, Germany) in the identification of anaerobic bacteria. Samples were collected in the Department of Periodontology, in our University. All patients underwent general dental examinations, inc...

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Section: Acta Microbiologica Et Immunologica Hungarica 62 2015supporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Diversity Of Dsrna Viruses Infecting the Capsicum Genusmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Tracking the Enrichment Of Fe(iii)-reducing Bacteria In Two mentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Biogas Production From Chicken Manurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acta Microbiologica Et Immunologica Hungarica 62 2015mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Abstracts of the 17th International Congress of the Hungarian Society for Microbiology, July 8–10, 2015, Budapest, Hungary

Kovács¹,

Peles²,

Sándor³

2015

Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica

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Identifying Essential Elements of Good Giraffe Welfare—Can We Use Knowledge of a Species’ Fundamental Needs to Develop Welfare-Focussed Husbandry?

Rose

2023

JZBG

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Measurement of zoo animal welfare states enables improvement to husbandry and management to be evidence-based and implemented according to species’ needs. Theoretical welfare concepts are often discussed, and whilst it is helpful to ensure wide consensus across all stakeholders on what welfare comprises, practical application of such evidence-based information is as equally important. All species housed in zoos will have specific needs that must be met by their housing, husbandry, and care to enable them to thrive. Therefore, this paper examined how to identify key animal care needs and an animal’s responses to them to form a basis for species-specific welfare assessment approaches. There are examples of familiar-to-the-zoo species that still pose challenges regarding delivery of optimal husbandry and management. As such, the identification and evaluation of core concepts of the biology, behaviour, “needs and wants” of these species is required to support validation and refinement of physical, behavioural, and psychological welfare measures. This article evaluated the use of evidence to build capacity in welfare measurement for a familiar zoo-housed species, the giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis, Linnaeus 1758), by outlining seven key needs and requirements that must be provided in the zoo (“giraffe W-E-L-F-A-R-E” = Warmth, Enrichment, Leaves, Feeding, Alfalfa, Rumination, Exercise). Provision of these inputs, and opportunities for all giraffes in a herd to engage with them, provides the foundation for further welfare assessment to be implemented. Specifically, the validation and measurement of mental states that are more likely to be positive if key behavioural and ecological needs have already been met. This paper advocated for this evidence-based approach to “welfare-focussed husbandry”, with distillation of key information that supports species-relevant care, to be developed for other zoo-housed species as support for their welfare assessment protocols. Such welfare-focussed husbandry is layered on top of the basic animal care requirements of the species in the zoo to ensure all individuals have the best opportunity to attain positive welfare states. In this way, and once validated, foundational welfare assessment can be easily completed by busy animal care staff, capacity is built into zoo operations as all stakeholders are aware of exactly what each species needs, and deeper dive welfare assessment (especially concerning animal mental states) can be targeted more effectively. Further evolution of these seven steps for the giraffe is suggested and extrapolation of this approach, to aid identification of key welfare indicators across all zoo-housed species, is encouraged.

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First Insights into the Urinary Metabolome of Captive Giraffes by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

et al. 2020

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The urine from 35 giraffes was studied by untargeted 1H-NMR, with the purpose of obtaining, for the first time, a fingerprint of its metabolome. The metabolome, as downstream of the transcriptome and proteome, has been considered as the most representative approach to monitor the relationships between animal physiological features and environment. Thirty-nine molecules were unambiguously quantified, able to give information about diet, proteins digestion, energy generation, and gut-microbial co-metabolism. The samples collected allowed study of the effects of age and sex on the giraffe urinary metabolome. In addition, preliminary information about how sampling procedure and pregnancy could affect a giraffe’s urinary metabolome was obtained. Such work could trigger the setting up of methods to non-invasively study the health status of giraffes, which is utterly needed, considering that anesthetic-related complications make their immobilization a very risky practice.

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Quantitative aspects of the ruminating process in giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) fed with different diets

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Abstracts of the 17th International Congress of the Hungarian Society for Microbiology, July 8–10, 2015, Budapest, Hungary

Abstracts of the 17th International Congress of the Hungarian Society for Microbiology, July 8–10, 2015, Budapest, Hungary

Identifying Essential Elements of Good Giraffe Welfare—Can We Use Knowledge of a Species’ Fundamental Needs to Develop Welfare-Focussed Husbandry?

First Insights into the Urinary Metabolome of Captive Giraffes by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

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