Quantitative aspects of Auger electron spectroscopy

Meyer, Frank; Vrakking, J.J.A.M.

doi:10.1016/0039-6028(72)90209-9

Cited by 120 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In deriving (4) the coefficient B in (2) is assumed7 to be linear in atomic number 2 and the constants a and p are treated as properties of a particular measuring instrument used at a fixed primary energy. Inspection of (4) reveals that EA, E, and 2 are known, and A and m can be measured by fitting (2) to the experimental data N ( E ) above the Auger peak in question. The integral is easily evaluated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of auger backscattering factors from measurements of spectral backgrounds

Prutton¹,

Gomati²

1986

Surface & Interface Analysis

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The shape of N(E) has been obtained from a carefully characterized electron spectrometer for 24 different elements and compounds. The secondary electron cascade has been found to obey a form N(E) = AE-"'. A and m have been measured and used together with a model of the energy distribution of rediffused primary electrons to calculate an Auger backscattering factor for each material when the primary energy is 20 keV. These calculations have been compared with backscattering coefficients measured at the carbon 1s binding energy in the same instrument on the same samples. The results show the backscattering factor to be linear in atomic number. The measurement of A and m from a spectrum can be used to estimate the backscattering factor within an estimated error of about kO.05.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of auger backscattering factors from measurements of spectral backgrounds

Prutton¹,

Gomati²

1986

Surface & Interface Analysis

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“…Meyer and Vrakking (ref. 5) showed that the Auger signal per atom of chlorine is 15. 8 times that per atom of oxygen.…”

Section: Auger Electron Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of adsorbed chlorine and oxygen on the shear strength of iron and copper junctions

Wheeler

1976

Journal of Applied Physics

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Static friction experiments were performed in ultrahigh vacuum at room temperature on copper, iron, and steel contacts selectively contaminated with oxygen and chlorine in submonolayer amounts. The concentration of the adsorbates was determined with Auger electron spectroscopy and was measured relative to the saturation concentration of oxygen on iron (concentration 1. 0). The coefficient of static friction decreased with increasing adsorbate concentration. It was independent of the metal and the adsorbate. The results compared satisfactorily with an extension of the junction growth theory to heterogeneous interfaces. The reduction in interfacial shear strength was measured by the ratio Sa/sm, where sa is the shear strength of the interface with an adsorbate concentration of 1. 0, and s m is the strength of the clean metal interface. This ratio was 0.835±0. 012 for all the systems tested. SUMMARYStatic friction experiments were performed in ultrahigh vacuum at room temperature on copper, iron, and steel contacts selectively contaminated with oxygen and chlorine in submonolayer amounts. The concentration of the adsorbates was determined with Auger electron spectroscopy and was measured relative to the saturation concentration of oxygen on iron (concentration 1. 0). The coefficient of static friction decreased with increasing adsorbate concentration. It was independent of the metal and the adsorbate.The results compared satisfactorily with an extension of the junction growth theory to heterogeneous interfaces. The reduction in interfacial shear strength was measured by the ratio sa/s m , where s a is the shear strength of the interface with an adsorbate concentration of 1. 0, and sm is the strength of the clean metal interface. This ratio was 0. 835±0. 012 for all the systems tested.

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“…The most likely candidate for this purpose would appear to be the thermal spike model originated by Seitz and Koehler [59] and discussed by Thompson and Nelson [60] and Vinegard [61].…”

Section: Possible Physical Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Backscattered primary electrons contribute no more than [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] percent to the Aujger yield [59]. 4) The ionization cross sections are approximately proportional to 1/E^ [60] for K and perhaps L shell ionizations provided the primary energy (Eq) is a factor 2 or 3 greater than the binding energy (Eg) of the ionized level.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%